So sánh phương pháp

	Flow State Scale-2	Leisure Satisfaction Scale
Lĩnh vực	Sport Leisure Studies	Sport Leisure Studies
Họ	Latent structure	Latent structure
Năm ra đời	2002	1980
Người khởi xướng	Susan A. Jackson & Robert C. Eklund	Jacob G. Beard & Mounir G. Ragheb
Loại	Latent-structure measurement model of flow in physical activity	Latent-structure measurement model of perceived leisure satisfaction
Công trình gốc	Jackson, S. A., & Eklund, R. C. (2002). Assessing Flow in Physical Activity: The Flow State Scale-2 and Dispositional Flow Scale-2. Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 24(2), 133-150.	Beard, J. G., & Ragheb, M. G. (1980). Measuring Leisure Satisfaction. Journal of Leisure Research, 12(1), 20-33.
Tên gọi khác	FSS-2, Jackson & Eklund Flow Scale, Flow State Scale Revised, Dispositional Flow Scale-2	LSS, Leisure Satisfaction Measure, Beard & Ragheb Leisure Satisfaction Scale, Leisure Satisfaction Inventory
Liên quan	4	4
Tóm tắt	The Flow State Scale-2 (FSS-2) is a 36-item self-report instrument developed by Susan Jackson and Robert Eklund (2002) to measure flow — the state of optimal experience and total absorption — as it occurs in a specific physical-activity episode. It operationalizes Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi's nine dimensions of flow: challenge-skill balance, action-awareness merging, clear goals, unambiguous feedback, total concentration on the task, a sense of control, loss of self-consciousness, transformation of time, and the autotelic (intrinsically rewarding) experience. The FSS-2 revised the original Flow State Scale by replacing problematic items, and confirmatory factor analyses across an item-identification and a cross-validation sample showed good fit for both a nine-factor and a higher-order model, with subscale reliabilities between roughly .80 and .92. A companion Dispositional Flow Scale-2 measures the same nine dimensions as a general tendency rather than a single episode.	The Leisure Satisfaction Scale (LSS), developed by Jacob Beard and Mounir Ragheb in their 1980 Journal of Leisure Research article, measures the positive perceptions and feelings an individual derives from engaging in leisure activities — the extent to which leisure meets felt needs. From an initial pool of 59 indicators distilled through pilot studies and expert review, factor analysis yielded six interpretable components: psychological, educational, social, relaxation, physiological, and aesthetic. The full instrument comprises 51 items and a widely used 24-item short form, with a total reliability around .96 and strong subscale reliabilities. The LSS became the most recognized measure of leisure satisfaction and a standard outcome in studies linking leisure to quality of life, as in Ragheb and Griffith's demonstration that leisure satisfaction contributes to the life satisfaction of older adults.