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| Kỹ thuật Delphi mặt đối mặt× | Kỹ thuật Delphi× | |
|---|---|---|
| Lĩnh vực | Phương pháp luận khảo sát | Phương pháp luận khảo sát |
| Họ | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| Năm ra đời | 1950s–1963 | 1950s–1963 |
| Người khởi xướng | Norman Dalkey and Olaf Helmer (RAND Corporation) | Norman Dalkey and Olaf Helmer (RAND Corporation) |
| Loại≠ | Structured expert-consensus method | Iterative expert consensus technique |
| Công trình gốc | Dalkey, N., & Helmer, O. (1963). An experimental application of the Delphi method to the use of experts. Management Science, 9(3), 458–467. DOI ↗ | Dalkey, N., & Helmer, O. (1963). An experimental application of the Delphi method to the use of experts. Management Science, 9(3), 458–467. DOI ↗ |
| Tên gọi khác | in-person Delphi, face-to-face Delphi, conventional Delphi, FtF Delphi | Delphi method, Delphi survey, expert consensus method, iterative expert panel |
| Liên quan≠ | 5 | 6 |
| Tóm tắt≠ | The face-to-face Delphi Technique is a structured, iterative consensus-building method conducted through in-person sessions with a purposively selected panel of experts. Across multiple rounds, panelists independently respond to structured questionnaires, receive aggregated group feedback, and revise their judgments until acceptable consensus is reached. The face-to-face format adds direct interpersonal interaction while preserving the anonymity of individual ratings within each round. | The Delphi technique is a structured, multi-round data collection method that harvests and refines expert opinion through iterative questionnaires and controlled feedback. Developed at RAND Corporation in the 1950s, it is designed to converge a dispersed expert panel toward a reliable consensus on complex, uncertain, or future-oriented questions — without the conformity pressures of face-to-face group discussion. |
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