So sánh phương pháp

	Ethnographic Content Analysis	Phân tích nội dung định tính
Lĩnh vực	Anthropology	Nghiên cứu định tính
Họ	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Năm ra đời	1987	1980
Người khởi xướng	David L. Altheide	Klaus Krippendorff; refined by Margrit Schreier
Loại	Reflexive, iterative qualitative analysis of documents and media	Method
Công trình gốc	Altheide, D. L. (1987). Ethnographic content analysis. Qualitative Sociology, 10(1), 65–77.	Krippendorff, K. (1980). Content analysis: An introduction to its methodology. Sage Publications.
Tên gọi khác	ECA, Reflexive Content Analysis, Qualitative Media Analysis, Altheide's Content Analysis	Content Analysis, Categorical Content Analysis
Liên quan	4	2
Tóm tắt	Ethnographic content analysis (ECA), developed by David Altheide, is a reflexive and iterative approach to the qualitative analysis of documents and media that blends the systematic coding of classic content analysis with an ethnographic sensibility toward meaning and context. Rather than fixing categories in advance and counting their occurrence, the analyst moves back and forth between concepts and data, letting categories emerge, change, and deepen as the corpus is read. The goal is to understand how meaning is constructed and patterned in texts — newspapers, reports, broadcasts, online media — much as a fieldworker comes to understand a setting.	Qualitative Content Analysis (QCA) is a systematic, inductive method for analyzing textual or visual data by identifying and categorizing meaning units into content categories. Developed and formalized by Klaus Krippendorff (1980), QCA can be purely qualitative (inductive, exploratory) or combined with quantitative counting; it analyzes manifest content (explicit, surface meanings) and latent content (underlying, interpretive meanings).