So sánh phương pháp

	Vận chuyển Ekman	Máy đo dòng chảy Doppler âm thanh	Vận tốc địa tĩnh	Phân tích hài thủy triều
Lĩnh vực	Hải dương học	Hải dương học	Hải dương học	Hải dương học
Họ	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Năm ra đời	1905	1983	1942	1867
Người khởi xướng	Vagn Walfrid Ekman	RD Instruments	Harald Sverdrup	William Thomson
Loại	theoretical-method	instrumental	theoretical-method	fourier-analysis
Công trình gốc	Ekman, V. W. (1905). On the influence of the Earth's rotation on ocean currents. Arkiv for Matematik, Astronomi och Fysik, 2(11), 1-52.	RD Instruments. (1996). Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler Principles of Operation. A Practical Primer. RD Instruments Technical Note.	Sverdrup, H. U., Johnson, M. W., & Fleming, R. H. (1942). The Oceans: Their Physics, Chemistry, and General Biology. Prentice-Hall.	Godin, G. (1972). The Analysis of Tides. University of Toronto Press.
Tên gọi khác	Ekman Spiral, Wind-driven Transport	ADCP	Geostrophic Current, Thermal Wind Equation	Tidal Constituents, Harmonic Tidal Prediction
Liên quan	3	3	3	3
Tóm tắt	Ekman transport is the net volume flux of water driven by wind stress balanced with Coriolis force in the surface boundary layer. Derived by Vagn Walfrid Ekman in 1905 from the principle that wind stress is transmitted through the water column in a spiral pattern, Ekman transport is responsible for coastal upwelling and important oceanographic transports. The theory links surface wind patterns directly to ocean circulation.	The Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler (ADCP) is an instrument that uses Doppler-shifted acoustic backscatter to measure water velocity profiles along a vertical profile. Developed by RD Instruments in the 1980s, it has become the standard method for high-resolution current profiling in oceanographic research. ADCPs provide unprecedented spatial and temporal resolution of ocean circulation patterns.	Geostrophic velocity is the current driven by balance between the pressure gradient force and the Coriolis force, derived from the thermal wind equation. In most of the ocean away from the equator and coastal boundaries, geostrophic balance is an excellent approximation to the actual flow. Developed by Harald Sverdrup and colleagues in the 1940s, geostrophic velocity calculation from hydrographic data enables estimation of ocean currents without direct current measurements.	Tidal harmonic analysis is a mathematical method that decomposes observed sea level or current time series into a sum of sinusoidal components with specific frequencies, amplitudes, and phases corresponding to astronomical tidal constituents. Developed by William Thomson (Lord Kelvin) in 1867, harmonic analysis enables prediction of tides and understanding of tidal dynamics in coastal regions.