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| Đo liều bức xạ× | Vận chuyển Neutron & Hạt Monte Carlo× | |
|---|---|---|
| Lĩnh vực | Vật lý hạt nhân | Vật lý hạt nhân |
| Họ | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| Năm ra đời≠ | 1896 | 1949 |
| Người khởi xướng≠ | Wilhelm Röntgen, Henri Becquerel | Nicholas Metropolis, Stanislaw Ulam |
| Loại≠ | experimental measurement methodology | probabilistic computational method |
| Công trình gốc≠ | Knoll, G. F. (2010). Radiation Detection and Measurement (4th ed.). John Wiley & Sons. link ↗ | Metropolis, N., & Ulam, S. (1949). The Monte Carlo Method. Journal of the American Statistical Association, 44(247), 335–341. DOI ↗ |
| Tên gọi khác | dose measurement, radiation monitoring, exposure quantification | Monte Carlo simulation, stochastic transport, particle history method |
| Liên quan | 5 | 5 |
| Tóm tắt≠ | Dosimetry measurement is the experimental quantification of radiation dose and exposure, originating from Röntgen and Becquerel's 1890s discoveries. It employs specialized detectors (ion chambers, TLD, Geiger counters) to measure photon and particle energy deposition in biological tissue or materials, providing direct evidence of exposure for worker protection, patient dose verification, and environmental monitoring. | Monte Carlo neutron and particle transport is a stochastic simulation method that tracks individual particle histories through matter, developed by Metropolis and Ulam in 1949 during the Manhattan Project. By sampling random numbers to determine collision locations, energy transfers, and scattering angles, it produces unbiased estimates of reaction rates, flux distributions, and detector responses without discretizing angle or energy variables. |
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