So sánh phương pháp

	Lấy mẫu khoảng cách	Phân tích cấu trúc mạng lưới thức ăn	Mô hình hóa ổ sinh thái
Lĩnh vực	Sinh thái học	Sinh thái học	Sinh thái học
Họ	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Năm ra đời	1993	2000	1999
Người khởi xướng	Stephen Buckland	Richard Williams and Neo Martinez	Steven Phillips and David Stockwell
Loại	population abundance estimation	ecological network characterization	species distribution prediction
Công trình gốc	Buckland, S. T., Anderson, D. R., Burnham, K. P., Laake, J. L., Borchers, D. L., & Thomas, L. (1993). Distance Sampling: Estimating Abundance of Biological Populations. Chapman and Hall, London.	Dunne, J. A., Williams, R. J., & Martinez, N. D. (2002). Network structure and robustness of marine food webs. The American Naturalist, 160(1), 117-129.	Phillips, S. J., Anderson, R. P., & Schapire, R. E. (2006). Maximum entropy modeling of species geographic distributions. Ecological Modelling, 190(3-4), 231-259.
Tên gọi khác	line transect, point transect, distance estimation, detection probability	food web structure, network topology, trophic network, food chain analysis	species distribution modeling, habitat suitability modeling, ecological niche model, MaxEnt
Liên quan	4	4	4
Tóm tắt	Distance sampling is a statistical method for estimating population abundance from data on distances between observers and detected individuals. Developed by Buckland and colleagues (1993) and formalized in the software Distance, this approach accounts for imperfect detection: animals far from an observer are less likely to be detected. By modeling the detection function (probability of detecting an animal at various distances), distance sampling produces unbiased estimates of abundance and density even when detection is incomplete.	Food web topology analysis characterizes the structure of predator-prey interactions within ecological communities using network metrics. Pioneered by Williams and Martinez (2000) and extended by Dunne and colleagues (2002), this approach maps which species eat which and quantifies network properties (connectivity, clustering, robustness). Understanding food web structure reveals how ecosystems are organized, how stable they are to species loss, and what roles different species play in ecosystem function.	Niche modeling, also called species distribution modeling (SDM), predicts the geographic range and habitat suitability of species using presence-only or presence-background occurrence data and environmental variables. MaxEnt (Maximum Entropy, Phillips et al. 2006) and GARP (Genetic Algorithm for Rule-set Prediction, Stockwell & Peters 1999) are two prominent algorithms. These methods identify the environmental conditions under which species are likely to occur, enabling prediction of distribution beyond sampled areas and assessment of habitat suitability across landscapes.