So sánh phương pháp

	Nhiếp ảnh Dân tộc học Thể chế Số	Phân tích Diễn ngôn Phê phán
Lĩnh vực	Định tính	Định tính
Họ	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Năm ra đời	IE: 1980s–1990s; digital adaptation: 2000s–2010s	Late 1970s–1990s (systematised ~1979–1995)
Người khởi xướng	Dorothy E. Smith (IE foundations); extended by IE scholars to digital contexts	Norman Fairclough; Teun A. van Dijk; Ruth Wodak
Loại	Qualitative research design	Qualitative research method
Công trình gốc	Smith, D. E. (2005). Institutional Ethnography: A Sociology for People. AltaMira Press. ISBN: 978-0759105010	Fairclough, N. (1992). Discourse and Social Change. Polity Press.
Tên gọi khác	Digital IE, online institutional ethnography, virtual institutional ethnography, digital Smith IE	CDA, Critical Linguistics, Discourse-Historical Approach, Dialectical-Relational Analysis
Liên quan	6	6
Tóm tắt	Digital Institutional Ethnography (Digital IE) applies Dorothy E. Smith's institutional ethnography framework to digital and online settings. It investigates how institutional ruling relations — the texts, policies, and coordination mechanisms that organize people's everyday lives — operate through digital infrastructures such as platforms, software systems, online documents, and algorithmic processes. The goal is to make visible how digital tools and texts coordinate and subordinate experience to institutional interests.	Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) is a qualitative method that examines how language in texts and talk constructs, sustains, and challenges relations of power, ideology, and social inequality. Drawing on linguistics, social theory, and critical philosophy, CDA treats discourse not merely as communication but as social practice — a site where dominance is reproduced and where resistance can be articulated. Developed in the late twentieth century by Norman Fairclough, Teun van Dijk, and Ruth Wodak, among others, CDA is applied to political speeches, media texts, policy documents, educational materials, and institutional interactions.