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Thang đo Mức độ Ủng hộ Dân chủ×Thang đo hoài nghi cử tri×
Lĩnh vựcTâm lý học chính trịTâm lý học chính trị
HọProcess / pipelineProcess / pipeline
Năm ra đời19991960
Người khởi xướngRussell Dalton & Pippa NorrisAngus Campbell et al.
LoạiSelf-reportSelf-report
Công trình gốcDalton, R. J. (2004). Democratic challenges, democratic choices: The erosion of political support in advanced industrial democracies. Oxford: Oxford University Press. link ↗Campbell, A., Converse, P. E., Miller, W. E., & Stokes, D. E. (1960). The American voter. New York: John Wiley & Sons. link ↗
Tên gọi khácSFD, Democratic Legitimacy Scale, System Support ScalePCS, Political Efficacy Cynicism, Electoral System Cynicism
Liên quan33
Tóm tắtThe Democratic Support Scale measures citizen commitment to democracy as a regime type, including beliefs that democracy is the best system of government, willingness to defend democratic institutions, and rejection of non-democratic alternatives. Pioneered by Norris (1999) and Dalton (2004) in comparative research, the measure distinguishes regime support (belief in democracy's superiority) from performance support (satisfaction with current government). It addresses the paradox of 'critical citizens'—in advanced democracies, people often express dissatisfaction with current government performance while maintaining deep commitment to democratic principles.The Voter Cynicism Scale measures citizen skepticism and disillusionment regarding the political process, including beliefs that the electoral system is rigged, politicians are self-serving, and voting does not matter. The measure captures a pessimistic orientation toward electoral democracy distinct from distrust in institutions (which can coexist with belief in democratic potential) or political alienation. Rooted in Campbell et al.'s American Voter (1960) tradition of measuring political efficacy and cynicism, the scale remains central to understanding voter turnout decline, support for populist alternatives, and democratic legitimacy crises.
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ScholarGateSo sánh phương pháp: Democratic Support Scale · Voter Cynicism Scale. Truy cập ngày 2026-06-19 từ https://scholargate.app/vi/compare