So sánh phương pháp

	Phát hiện Cộng đồng	Mô hình Đồ thị Ngẫu nhiên Lũy thừa (ERGM / p*)
Lĩnh vực	Phân tích mạng lưới	Phân tích mạng lưới
Họ	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Năm ra đời	2002–2019 (algorithm family)	1986 (foundational); modern ERGM framework 1996–2007
Người khởi xướng	Louvain: Blondel et al. (2008); Leiden: Traag et al. (2019); Girvan-Newman: Girvan & Newman (2002); Infomap: Rosvall & Bergstrom (2008)	Frank & Strauss (1986); extended by Wasserman & Pattison (1996) and Robins et al. (2007)
Loại	Graph-partitioning / clustering algorithm family	Probabilistic generative network model
Công trình gốc	Blondel, V.D., Guillaume, J.-L., Lambiotte, R. & Lefebvre, E. (2008). Fast Unfolding of Communities in Large Networks. Journal of Statistical Mechanics, 2008(10), P10008.	Robins, G., Pattison, P., Kalish, Y., & Lusher, D. (2007). An introduction to exponential random graph (p*) models for social networks. Social Networks, 29(2), 173-191.
Tên gọi khác	graph clustering, network partitioning, Topluluk Tespiti (Louvain, Girvan-Newman, Leiden)	ERGM, p-star model, p* model, Üstel Rastgele Graf Modeli (ERGM / p*)
Liên quan	5	6
Tóm tắt	Community detection is a family of graph-partitioning algorithms that discover densely connected sub-groups — communities — within a network. First formalised through the modularity measure by Girvan and Newman (2002), the field advanced rapidly with the Louvain method (Blondel et al., 2008), the Leiden refinement (Traag et al., 2019), and the information-theoretic Infomap approach. All variants answer the same question: which nodes cluster together more tightly among themselves than with the rest of the network?	The Exponential Random Graph Model (ERGM), also known as the p* model, is a statistical framework for network analysis that models the probability of an observed network as a function of its local structural features — such as reciprocity, triangles, and degree distribution. Developed from the foundational work of Frank and Strauss (1986) and extended into the modern framework by Wasserman and Pattison (1996) and Robins et al. (2007), ERGM is the inferential standard for social network analysis, capable of testing whether observed network structures arise by chance or reflect genuine social processes.