So sánh phương pháp

	Thang đo Tương tác Công dân	Thang đo Lòng tin Tổng quát
Lĩnh vực	Xã hội học chính trị	Xã hội học chính trị
Họ	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Năm ra đời	1995–2008	1956–1994
Người khởi xướng	Cliff Zukin, Scott Keeter, Russell Dalton	Morris Rosenberg, Toshio Yamagishi
Loại	Self-report questionnaire / Behavioral frequency	Self-report questionnaire
Công trình gốc	Zukin, C., Keeter, S., Andolina, M., Jenkins, K., & Delli Carpini, M. X. (2006). A new engagement? Political participation, civic life, and the changing American citizen. Oxford University Press.	Rosenberg, M. (1956). Misanthropy, political ideology, and political information. Public Opinion Quarterly, 20(2), 274-290.
Tên gọi khác	CES, Political Participation Scale	GTS, Trust in Strangers
Liên quan	4	5
Tóm tắt	The Civic Engagement Scale measures the extent and type of an individual's participation in civic, political, and community life. Rather than a single construct, it typically encompasses multiple dimensions: electoral participation (voting), political activity (contacting officials, campaign involvement), civic service (volunteering, organizational membership), and social participation (community meetings, neighborhood involvement). Developed by scholars including Zukin, Keeter, and Dalton, it captures how citizens actualize their democratic role.	The Generalized Trust Scale measures an individual's propensity to trust people in general, particularly strangers with whom they have no direct relationship. Originally developed by Morris Rosenberg in 1956 and later refined by Toshio Yamagishi and colleagues, it has become foundational in research on social capital, civic participation, and intergroup relations.