So sánh phương pháp

	Nghiên cứu tình huống	Participant Observation
Lĩnh vực	Nghiên cứu định tính	Nghiên cứu định tính
Họ	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Năm ra đời	1984 (Yin); 1995 (Stake)	1922
Người khởi xướng	Robert K. Yin; Robert E. Stake; Sharan Merriam	Bronislaw Malinowski
Loại	Method	Method
Công trình gốc	Yin, R. K. (2014). Case study research: Design and methods (5th ed.). Sage Publications.	Geertz, C. (1973). The Interpretation of Cultures. Basic Books. ISBN: 978-0465026432
Tên gọi khác	Case Study, Single Case Study, Multiple Case Study	ethnographic observation, participatory observation, overt observation, immersive observation
Liên quan	4	4
Tóm tắt	Case study research is an intensive, contextual investigation of a single case (or small number of cases) to explore a phenomenon in depth. Developed systematically by Robert K. Yin (1984) and Robert E. Stake (1995), case study research employs multiple data sources (interviews, observation, documents, artifacts) to produce a holistic understanding of a bounded phenomenon within its real-world context.	Participant observation is a qualitative research method in which the researcher embeds themselves within a community, organization, or social setting for an extended period, engaging in the activities and relationships of the group while systematically observing and documenting behavior, interactions, and cultural meaning. Pioneered by Malinowski in the 1920s and developed in anthropology, the method has been adopted across sociology, education, health sciences, and organizational research. The researcher functions as both insider (participating in group activities) and outsider (maintaining analytical distance), generating thick description—rich accounts of context, behavior, and meaning that reveal how people actually live and interact.