So sánh phương pháp

	Capture-Recapture for Hidden Crime Populations	Ước lượng quần thể bằng phương pháp bắt-thả lại
Lĩnh vực	Criminology	Phương pháp luận khảo sát
Họ	Process / pipeline	Regression model
Năm ra đời	1995	1978
Người khởi xướng	International Working Group for Disease Monitoring and Forecasting (modern multi-list synthesis); Sheila Bird & Ruth King (criminal-justice applications)	Otis, Burnham, White & Anderson
Loại	Population-size estimation from overlapping incomplete lists	Probabilistic population size estimator
Công trình gốc	Bird, S. M., & King, R. (2018). Multiple systems estimation (or capture-recapture estimation) to inform public policy. Annual Review of Statistics and Its Application, 5, 95–118.	Otis, D. L., Burnham, K. P., White, G. C., & Anderson, D. R. (1978). Statistical inference from capture data on closed animal populations. Wildlife Monographs, 62, 3–135.
Tên gọi khác	Multiple Systems Estimation, Mark-Recapture for Hidden Populations, Dark-Figure Population Estimation, Lincoln-Petersen Crime Estimation	Mark-Recapture, Tag-Recapture, Mark-Release-Recapture, İşaretle-Yeniden Yakala
Liên quan	3	2
Tóm tắt	Capture-recapture, known in criminology and public health as multiple systems estimation, infers the size of a hidden population — undocumented homicide victims, trafficking victims, problem drug users, undetected offenders — that no single source counts completely. By examining how much two or more incomplete lists overlap, it estimates how many cases were missed by all of them: the 'dark figure' of crime. Borrowed from wildlife ecology, the method was synthesized for human populations by the International Working Group in 1995 and brought to criminal-justice policy by Bird and King.	Capture-recapture (also known as mark-recapture) is a statistical method for estimating the size of an unknown population by sampling it twice and tracking which individuals appear in both samples. Formally systematized for closed animal populations by Otis, Burnham, White, and Anderson in their landmark 1978 Wildlife Monographs paper, the method extends naturally to human populations, epidemiology, and incomplete administrative records.