So sánh phương pháp

	Business Continuity Impact Analysis	Preliminary Hazard Analysis
Lĩnh vực	Disaster Studies	Disaster Studies
Họ	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Năm ra đời	2019	2008
Người khởi xướng	Codified in ISO 22301 business continuity management; ISO/IEC 31010	Military system-safety practice (MIL-STD-882); codified in CCPS guidelines
Loại	Impact-over-time analysis of disruption to organizational activities	Early-stage qualitative hazard identification and ranking
Công trình gốc	International Organization for Standardization. (2019). ISO 22301:2019 Security and resilience — Business continuity management systems — Requirements. ISO, Geneva.	Center for Chemical Process Safety (CCPS). (2008). Guidelines for Hazard Evaluation Procedures (3rd ed.). Wiley-AIChE, Hoboken, NJ. ISBN: 9780471978152
Tên gọi khác	Business Impact Analysis, BIA, Continuity Impact Assessment, Disruption Impact Analysis	PHA, Preliminary Hazard List Analysis, Early Hazard Analysis, Conceptual Hazard Analysis
Liên quan	3	3
Tóm tắt	Business continuity impact analysis, usually called business impact analysis or BIA, is the process of determining how the impact of disrupting an organization's activities grows over time and using that understanding to set recovery priorities and targets. Rather than asking what might go wrong — the job of risk assessment — the BIA asks what it would cost the organization if a given activity stopped, for an hour, a day, a week, and how quickly each activity must therefore be restored. ISO 22301, the international standard for business continuity management systems, makes the BIA a foundational requirement: it drives the recovery time objectives, recovery point objectives and resource requirements on which continuity plans are built. ISO/IEC 31010 situates impact analysis within the broader family of risk-assessment techniques. The BIA's distinctive contribution is its focus on time: impact is not a single figure but a curve that rises as a disruption lengthens.	Preliminary hazard analysis, or PHA, is an early-stage, qualitative technique for identifying the hazards inherent in a system before its design is detailed enough for more rigorous methods, and for ranking those hazards so that the riskiest receive attention first. Conducted in the concept or preliminary design phase, it works from the system's energy sources, hazardous materials, intended functions and operating environment to compile a hazard list, postulate how each hazard could lead to harm, and assign each a risk level from severity and likelihood ratings. The CCPS Guidelines for Hazard Evaluation Procedures present it as a foundational hazard-evaluation method, and ISO/IEC 31010 includes it among standard risk-assessment techniques. Because it is applied when changing the design is still cheap, the PHA's chief value is steering early design decisions and identifying which hazards warrant deeper study by methods such as HAZOP, FMEA or quantitative risk assessment.