So sánh phương pháp

	Affect Misattribution Procedure	Affective Priming Task	Sequential Priming
Lĩnh vực	Tâm lý học xã hội	Tâm lý học xã hội	Tâm lý học xã hội
Họ	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Năm ra đời	2005	1994	1986
Người khởi xướng	B. Keith Payne and colleagues	Dirk Hermans, Jan De Houwer & Paul Eelen	Social cognition priming tradition (Fazio and colleagues)
Loại	Implicit attitude measurement procedure	Reaction-time automatic evaluation paradigm	General reaction-time priming framework
Công trình gốc	Payne, B. K., Cheng, C. M., Govorun, O., & Stewart, B. D. (2005). An inkblot for attitudes: Affect misattribution as implicit measurement. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 89(3), 277-293.	Hermans, D., De Houwer, J., & Eelen, P. (1994). The affective priming effect: Automatic activation of evaluative information in memory. Cognition and Emotion, 8(6), 515-533.	Fazio, R. H., Sanbonmatsu, D. M., Powell, M. C., & Kardes, F. R. (1986). On the automatic activation of attitudes. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 50(2), 229-238.
Tên gọi khác	AMP, Affect Misattribution Task, Inkblot for Attitudes	Affective Priming Paradigm, Naming Affective Priming, Pronunciation Priming Task	Prime-Target Priming, Semantic-Affective Priming, Response-Window Priming
Liên quan	3	3	3
Tóm tắt	The Affect Misattribution Procedure (AMP), introduced by Payne, Cheng, Govorun, and Stewart in 2005, is an implicit measure of attitudes built on a simple cognitive error: people misattribute the feeling evoked by one stimulus to another. On each trial a brief affective prime (such as a Black or White face, or a positive or negative word) is flashed, followed by a neutral target -- typically an unfamiliar Chinese pictograph -- which the participant rates as more or less pleasant than average while being explicitly told to ignore the prime. Because the prime's affect bleeds into the judgment of the ambiguous target, the proportion of pleasant ratings following positive versus negative primes yields an index of the attitude toward the primes. The AMP proved remarkably reliable and resistant to control, and it predicts self-reported attitudes, voting intentions, and intergroup bias, making it one of the most widely used implicit measures alongside the Implicit Association Test.	The affective priming task, developed by Hermans, De Houwer, and Eelen in 1994, demonstrates that stimulus evaluation is automatic and goal-independent. Like evaluative priming it pairs a valenced prime with a valenced target, but instead of asking participants to judge the target's valence it asks them simply to pronounce or name the target aloud as fast as possible. Targets are named faster when preceded by an affectively congruent prime than an incongruent one, even though the naming task never requires evaluating valence. This is a crucial theoretical point: because evaluation facilitates responding even when it is irrelevant to the task, the affective reaction must be triggered automatically and unintentionally. The naming variant became an important tool for distinguishing genuinely automatic evaluation from response-competition artifacts that can arise in valence-classification tasks.	Sequential priming is the general experimental framework underlying many implicit social-cognition measures: a prime is presented, followed after some interval by a target to which the participant responds, and the speed of responding reveals what the prime automatically activated. By varying the prime-target relation (semantic, affective, stereotypic, goal-related) and the stimulus onset asynchrony, researchers can map which associations are activated, how quickly, and whether the activation is automatic or strategic. Short intervals isolate automatic spreading activation that participants cannot control, while longer intervals permit controlled processes. Evaluative priming, affective priming, and stereotype priming are all special cases of this logic, making sequential priming a unifying methodological backbone for studying automatic mental processes in social psychology.