So sánh phương pháp

	Nghiên cứu đoàn hệ thích ứng	Nghiên cứu đoàn hệ tiền cứu
Lĩnh vực	Dịch tễ học	Dịch tễ học
Họ	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Năm ra đời	2000s–2010s (systematic formalisation)	1950s (systematic application); conceptual roots earlier
Người khởi xướng	Extension of classic cohort methods; adaptive design principles formalised by regulatory and epidemiology communities in the 2000s–2010s	Richard Doll and Austin Bradford Hill (landmark application, 1951-1954); cohort methodology formalised by modern epidemiology textbooks
Loại	Observational / adaptive epidemiological design	Observational longitudinal study design
Công trình gốc	VanderWeele, T. J., & Hernan, M. A. (2012). Results on differential and dependent measurement error of the exposure and the outcome using signed directed acyclic graphs. American Journal of Epidemiology, 175(12), 1303–1310.	Rothman, K. J., Greenland, S., & Lash, T. L. (2008). Modern Epidemiology (3rd ed.). Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. ISBN: 978-0781755641
Tên gọi khác	adaptive longitudinal study, flexible cohort design, adaptive prospective cohort, ACS	longitudinal cohort study, prospective follow-up study, incidence study, prospective observational cohort
Liên quan	4	6
Tóm tắt	An adaptive cohort study is a longitudinal observational design that follows a defined group of individuals over time to assess exposure-outcome relationships, while incorporating pre-specified adaptation rules that allow protocol modifications — such as sample-size re-estimation, subgroup enrichment, or measurement schedule adjustments — based on accumulating interim data. Adaptations are made without compromising validity, guided by a statistical analysis plan agreed upon before data collection begins.	A prospective cohort study assembles a group of participants who are free of the outcome of interest at baseline, measures their exposures, and then follows them forward in time to record who develops the outcome. By collecting exposure data before outcomes occur, it establishes a clear temporal sequence that supports causal inference — a major advantage over retrospective designs. It is the cornerstone observational method in epidemiology and clinical research.