Порівняння методів

	Насичений образ	SODA – Стратегічна розробка варіантів та аналіз через когнітивне картування	Методологія м'яких систем (ММС)
Галузь	Структурування проблем	Структурування проблем	Структурування проблем
Родина	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Рік появи	1981	1988	1981
Автор методу	Peter Checkland	Colin Eden	Peter Checkland
Тип	Diagrammatic problem-structuring tool	Qualitative / participatory	Interpretive problem-structuring methodology
Основоположне джерело	Checkland, P. (1981). Systems Thinking, Systems Practice. Wiley. ISBN: 978-0-471-27911-2	Eden, C. (1988). Cognitive mapping. European Journal of Operational Research, 36(1), 1–13.	Checkland, P. (1981). Systems Thinking, Systems Practice. Wiley. ISBN: 978-0-471-27911-2
Інші назви	Rich Picture Diagram, Soft Systems Picture, Situation Summary Diagram, Zengin Resim	Cognitive Mapping, Strategic Options Development and Analysis, SODA Method, Bilişsel Haritalama	SSM, Checkland's SSM, Soft Systems Analysis, Yumuşak Sistemler Metodolojisi
Пов'язані	3	3	3
Підсумок	A Rich Picture is a free-form, annotated drawing used in the early exploratory stage of Soft Systems Methodology to represent the full complexity of a problematic situation. Developed by Peter Checkland at Lancaster University, it captures people, roles, concerns, processes, conflicts, and environmental factors in a single visual canvas. It is used primarily by systems analysts, organizational consultants, and action researchers who need to surface multiple stakeholder perspectives before imposing any formal structure on a messy, ill-defined problem.	Strategic Options Development and Analysis (SODA) is a facilitated, qualitative method for structuring complex organisational problems. Developed by Colin Eden in 1988, it uses cognitive maps — directed graphs of causal constructs — to capture and integrate the subjective views of multiple stakeholders. SODA is most valuable when decision makers face ill-defined, wicked problems where shared understanding must be built before any quantitative analysis can begin.	Soft Systems Methodology (SSM) is an interpretive, action-research approach for structuring and managing complex, ill-defined ('soft') problem situations involving human activity. Developed by Peter Checkland at Lancaster University throughout the 1970s and formally presented in 1981, SSM guides practitioners through iterative cycles of inquiry that move from an unstructured problem situation to purposeful action through structured learning rather than optimization.