Порівняння методів

	Кількість ідентифікованих зразків	Аналіз спрацювання
Галузь	Археологія	Археологія
Родина	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Рік появи	1971	1980
Автор методу	R. E. Chaplin	Lawrence Keeley
Тип	Faunal quantification method	Tool function inference
Основоположне джерело	Chaplin, R. E. (1971). The Study of Animal Bones from Archaeological Sites. Seminar Press.	Keeley, L. H. (1980). Experimental Determination of Stone Tool Uses. University of Chicago Press.
Інші назви	NISP method, specimen count	microwear, tool use analysis
Пов'язані	4	4
Підсумок	Number of identified specimens (NISP) is a fundamental zooarchaeological method that quantifies the abundance of faunal remains by counting all identifiable bone fragments or specimens in an assemblage. Formalized by R. E. Chaplin and later refined by Donald Grayson and others, NISP is the most straightforward and widely used quantification metric in zooarchaeology. Despite its simplicity, NISP is sensitive to both cultural and taphonomic factors that affect preservation, fragmentation, and identification of bone assemblages.	Use-wear analysis (also called microwear or tool-use analysis) is a method that infers the function of stone tools from microscopic wear patterns on their cutting edges and surfaces. Pioneered by Lawrence Keeley in the 1970s-1980s, this technique examines damage patterns, polishes, and edge rounding produced as tools contact different materials during use. By analyzing these wear patterns, archaeologists can determine whether a tool was used to cut plant material, meat, bone, hide, or wood—revealing detailed information about task specialization and subsistence practices in prehistoric societies.