Порівняння методів

	Когортне дослідження зі співставленням	Когортне дослідження
Галузь	Епідеміологія	Епідеміологія
Родина	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Рік появи	Mid-20th century; propensity-score variant 1983	Mid-20th century (formal epidemiological design codified ~1950s)
Автор методу	Established practice; propensity-score matching formalized by Rosenbaum & Rubin (1983)	Doll & Hill (British Doctors Study, 1951); Snow (cholera, 1854)
Тип	Observational analytic study design	Observational longitudinal study design
Основоположне джерело	Rothman, K. J., Greenland, S., & Lash, T. L. (2008). Modern Epidemiology (3rd ed.). Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. ISBN: 978-0781755641	Rothman, K. J., Greenland, S., & Lash, T. L. (2008). Modern Epidemiology (3rd ed.). Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. ISBN: 978-0781755641
Інші назви	matched follow-up study, paired cohort study, propensity-matched cohort, matched prospective study	longitudinal study, follow-up study, panel study, incidence study
Пов'язані	5	6
Підсумок	A matched cohort study is an observational design in which each exposed participant is paired with one or more unexposed counterparts who share key characteristics — such as age, sex, or comorbidity status — before both groups are followed forward in time to compare incident outcomes. Matching controls for measured confounders at the design stage, reducing bias that would otherwise require statistical adjustment alone.	A cohort study assembles a group of individuals who share a common starting point — typically freedom from the outcome of interest — and follows them over time to observe who develops the outcome. By comparing incidence rates between exposed and unexposed subgroups, researchers can estimate relative risk and absolute risk differences. Cohort studies are the gold-standard observational design for measuring disease incidence and establishing temporal relationships between exposure and outcome.