Порівняння методів

	LoRA та PEFT	Генеративно-змагальна мережа	Варіаційний автокодувальник	Трансформер для комп'ютерного зору
Галузь	Глибоке навчання	Глибоке навчання	Глибоке навчання	Глибоке навчання
Родина	Machine learning	Machine learning	Machine learning	Machine learning
Рік появи	2022	2014	2014	2021
Автор методу	Hu, E. J. et al.; Lester, B. et al.	Goodfellow, I. et al.	Kingma, D. P. & Welling, M.	Dosovitskiy, A. et al.
Тип	Parameter-efficient fine-tuning of large pretrained models	Generative deep learning (adversarial two-network game)	Deep generative latent-variable model (encoder–decoder)	Transformer architecture for images (self-attention over patches)
Основоположне джерело	Hu, E. J. et al. (2022). LoRA: Low-Rank Adaptation of Large Language Models. ICLR.	Goodfellow, I. et al. (2014). Generative Adversarial Nets. NeurIPS.	Kingma, D. P. & Welling, M. (2014). Auto-Encoding Variational Bayes. International Conference on Learning Representations (ICLR).	Dosovitskiy, A. et al. (2021). An Image is Worth 16x16 Words: Transformers for Image Recognition at Scale. ICLR.
Інші назви	LoRA ve PEFT — Parametre Verimli İnce Ayar, Low-Rank Adaptation, parameter-efficient fine-tuning, prefix tuning	Üretici Çekişmeli Ağ (GAN), GAN, generative adversarial nets, adversarial network	Değişkensel Otokodlayıcı (VAE), VAE, auto-encoding variational Bayes, deep latent variable model	Görsel Transformer (ViT), görsel transformer, ViT, patch transformer for images
Пов'язані	5	4	5	5
Підсумок	LoRA (Low-Rank Adaptation), introduced by Hu et al. in 2022, and the broader family of parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) methods adapt large pretrained language models to new tasks by training only a small number of extra parameters instead of every weight in the model. This makes fine-tuning possible with far less GPU memory and compute while leaving the original model largely untouched.	A Generative Adversarial Network (GAN), introduced by Ian Goodfellow and colleagues in 2014, produces realistic synthetic data through the competition of two neural networks — a generator and a discriminator. It is widely used for image synthesis, data augmentation, and distribution estimation.	The Variational Autoencoder (VAE) is a deep generative latent-variable model, introduced by Diederik Kingma and Max Welling in 2014, that encodes data as a probability distribution in a latent space and samples from that distribution to generate new examples. It is used for data generation, anomaly detection, and feature learning.	The Vision Transformer (ViT), introduced by Dosovitskiy and colleagues in 2021, splits an image into fixed-size patches, treats those patches as a sequence, and applies the Transformer self-attention mechanism to image classification. Given enough training data, it surpasses convolutional neural networks (CNNs).