Порівняння методів

	Extra Trees	Дерево рішень	Градiєнтний бустинг	Випадковий ліс
Галузь	Машинне навчання	Машинне навчання	Машинне навчання	Машинне навчання
Родина	Machine learning	Machine learning	Machine learning	Machine learning
Рік появи	2006	1984	2001	2001
Автор методу	Geurts, P.; Ernst, D.; Wehenkel, L.	Breiman, Friedman, Olshen & Stone	Friedman, J. H.	Breiman, L.
Тип	Ensemble (extremely randomized decision trees)	Recursive partitioning (if-then rules)	Ensemble (sequential boosting of decision trees)	Ensemble (bagging of decision trees)
Основоположне джерело	Geurts, P., Ernst, D. & Wehenkel, L. (2006). Extremely randomized trees. Machine Learning, 63(1), 3–42.	Breiman, L., Friedman, J.H., Olshen, R.A. & Stone, C.J. (1984). Classification and Regression Trees. Wadsworth.	Friedman, J. H. (2001). Greedy Function Approximation: A Gradient Boosting Machine. Annals of Statistics, 29(5), 1189–1232.	Breiman, L. (2001). Random Forests. Machine Learning, 45, 5–32.
Інші назви	Extremely Randomized Trees, ExtraTreesClassifier, ExtraTreesRegressor, ET	Karar Ağacı (Decision Tree), karar ağacı, classification tree, regression tree	Gradient Boosting (GBM), GBM, gradient boosted trees, gradient boosting machine	Rastgele Orman (Random Forest), rastgele orman, random decision forest, bagged tree ensemble
Пов'язані	5	5	5	4
Підсумок	Extra Trees (Extremely Randomized Trees), introduced by Geurts, Ernst, and Wehenkel in 2006, is an ensemble of decision trees that pushes randomisation further than Random Forest. Both the candidate features and the split thresholds are chosen completely at random at each node, eliminating the greedy search over thresholds. This extra randomness reduces variance, often matches or exceeds Random Forest accuracy, and runs substantially faster at training time.	A Decision Tree is an interpretable classification and regression method, formalised by Breiman, Friedman, Olshen and Stone in their 1984 CART framework, that partitions the data with hierarchical if-then rules. Each split sends observations down one branch or another until a prediction is read off the leaf.	Gradient Boosting is an ensemble learning method, formalised by Jerome H. Friedman in 2001, that combines a sequence of weak learners — typically shallow decision trees — so that each new tree is fitted to minimise the residual errors of the trees before it. It is the core algorithm behind popular implementations such as XGBoost, LightGBM and CatBoost.	Random Forest is an ensemble learning method, introduced by Leo Breiman in 2001, that grows many decision trees on bootstrap samples of the data and combines their votes to produce strong classification and regression. By pooling many slightly different trees, it produces more accurate and more stable predictions than any single tree.