Порівняння методів

	Оцінка впливу на довкілля	Проєктування зеленої інфраструктури
Галузь	Екологічна інженерія	Екологічна інженерія
Родина	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Рік появи	1970	2000
Автор методу	U.S. National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA)	Urban planners and landscape architects
Тип	systematic assessment and decision-support pipeline	integrated design and planning pipeline
Основоположне джерело	Glasson, J., Therivel, R., & Chadwick, A. (2005). Introduction to Environmental Impact Assessment (3rd ed.). Routledge. ISBN: 978-0415303910	Freeman, R. C. (2005). Green Infrastructure: Intelligent Landscapes for the Twenty-First Century. Routledge. ISBN: 978-0415772662
Інші назви	EIA, impact assessment, environmental screening, cumulative effects assessment	GI design, natural infrastructure, nature-based solutions, ecosystem-based adaptation
Пов'язані	4	3
Підсумок	Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) is a systematic, structured process to identify, predict, and evaluate the environmental and social consequences of proposed development projects (infrastructure, extraction, manufacturing) before implementation. Mandated by law in most jurisdictions since the 1970s (NEPA in USA, EU Directive 2011/92/EU), EIA integrates scientific analysis of air quality, water resources, biodiversity, noise, and socioeconomic effects with stakeholder consultation and decision-making frameworks to inform project approval, design modification, or rejection.	Green infrastructure (GI) design is the planning and implementation of natural or nature-based systems (vegetation, soils, water bodies) integrated into urban environments to provide multiple ecosystem services: stormwater management, air quality improvement, heat island mitigation, biodiversity habitat, recreation, and social well-being. Emerged in the 2000s as a sustainability paradigm, green infrastructure combines landscape design, hydrology, ecology, and urban planning to create multifunctional spaces that serve practical and aesthetic goals.