Порівняння методів

	Біографічні дослідження	Дискурс-аналіз
Галузь	Якісні методи	Якісні дослідження
Родина	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Рік появи	Late 19th–early 20th century (Dilthey ~1883; Thomas & Znaniecki 1918–1920)	1989 (Fairclough); 1987 (Potter & Wetherell)
Автор методу	Wilhelm Dilthey (hermeneutic foundations); Thomas & Znaniecki (sociological application); Norman Denzin (interpretive biography)	Norman Fairclough; Jonathan Potter and Margaret Wetherell
Тип	Qualitative research method	Method
Основоположне джерело	Denzin, N. K. (1989). Interpretive Biography. Sage Publications.	Fairclough, N. (1989). Language and power. Longman.
Інші назви	life history research, biographical method, life story research, biographical narrative inquiry	DA, Critical Discourse Analysis, Discursive Analysis
Пов'язані	6	2
Підсумок	Biographical research is a qualitative method that examines individual lives in depth — through life-history interviews, personal documents, letters, and autobiographical narratives — to understand how personal experience intersects with social, historical, and cultural forces. Rooted in Wilhelm Dilthey's hermeneutics and made prominent in sociology by Thomas and Znaniecki's study of Polish immigrants, it treats the individual life story as a window onto broader social structures and processes. It belongs to the narrative inquiry subfamily alongside oral history and life-story research.	Discourse analysis is a qualitative research methodology that examines how language, communication, and power shape meaning, identity, and social reality. Developed across linguistics, sociology, and psychology (particularly by Norman Fairclough and Jonathan Potter), discourse analysis goes beyond content to analyze language use as a social practice that constitutes and reflects power relations, ideologies, and social structures.