Rekodi ya ushahidi wa mbinu

Case-Time-Control Design

The case-time-control design is a pharmacoepidemiologic study design that repairs a specific weakness of the case-crossover study: bias from a secular trend in exposure. In a case-crossover analysis each case acts as their own control, comparing exposure in a short hazard window just before the event to exposure in earlier reference windows, which automatically removes all fixed, time-invariant confounders. But if the prevalence of exposure is rising or falling over calendar time for reasons unrelated to the outcome, this within-person comparison is biased. Samy Suissa's 1995 design adds a separate control series, analyzed the same way, to estimate that pure time trend; dividing the case-crossover odds ratio by the control odds ratio cancels the trend and leaves the exposure effect. Sander Greenland's 1996 analysis clarified the assumptions: the correction works only if the controls share the same exposure trend and there is no within-subject confounder, and it can introduce new bias if those conditions fail.

Sources recorded, not reviewed

Rekodi ya chanzo

Nukuu zimehamishwa kwa uhalisi kutoka kwa rekodi ya chanzo cha mbinu. Hakuna uthibitisho wa kiwango cha dai unaodokezwa kutoka kwao.

Case-Time-Control Design (Trend-Adjusted Case-Crossover)

Rekodi ya mbinu ya kiajenda · process-pipeline / social-epidemiology

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Same method familyInterrupted Time Series for Public Healthmachine-suggested · Relational suggestion, not evidence.Same method familyNegative Control Outcome Designmachine-suggested · Relational suggestion, not evidence.Used in the same domainPoisson Rate Regressionmachine-suggested · Relational suggestion, not evidence.Same method familySelf-Controlled Case Seriesmachine-suggested · Relational suggestion, not evidence.