Rekodi ya ushahidi wa mbinu

Backcasting for Policy

Backcasting is a normative futures method that starts from a desirable future end-state and works backward to determine the policies, actions and milestones needed to reach it from the present. Coined and developed by John Robinson, who set out its logic in his 1990 article 'Futures under glass', it deliberately contrasts with forecasting: rather than asking what future is likely given current trends, backcasting asks what future we want and how we could get there. It is especially suited to long-term, transformative challenges such as sustainability and decarbonisation, where prevailing trends point away from where society needs to go.

Sources recorded, not reviewed

Rekodi ya chanzo

Nukuu zimehamishwa kwa uhalisi kutoka kwa rekodi ya chanzo cha mbinu. Hakuna uthibitisho wa kiwango cha dai unaodokezwa kutoka kwao.

Backcasting for Normative Policy and Sustainability Planning

Rekodi ya mbinu ya kiajenda · process-pipeline / public-policy

Robinson, J. B. (1990). Futures under glass: A recipe for people who hate to predict. Futures, 22(8), 820–842. · DOI 10.1016/0016-3287(90)90018-D

Fungua mbinu kamili

Madai yaliyotunzwa

Madai yamehifadhiwa katika daftari la ushahidi, kila moja ikiwa na tathmini yake.

Hakuna madai yaliyotunzwa bado

Mwonekano huu haubuni tathmini ya dai wakati daftari haina yoyote.

Mbinu zinazohusiana

Zilizotengenezwa kutoka kwa grafu ya mbinu na kuonyeshwa kama uhusiano uliopendekezwa na mashine — hakuna dai la ushahidi linalodokezwa.

Same method familyEx-Ante Policy Appraisalmachine-suggested · Relational suggestion, not evidence.Same method familyPolicy Delphimachine-suggested · Relational suggestion, not evidence.Taxonomic bucketScenario Planning for Policymachine-suggested · Relational suggestion, not evidence.Same method familyTheory of Change Evaluationmachine-suggested · Relational suggestion, not evidence.