Patient Dignity Inventory
The Patient Dignity Inventory (PDI) is a 25-item self-report measure assessing dignity-related distress in patients with advanced cancer and life-limiting illness. Developed by Chochinov and colleagues at the University of Manitoba in 2008, the PDI operationalizes 'dignity' as a multidimensional construct encompassing illness-related functional decline, psychosocial concerns (fear, hopelessness, suicidality), body image distress, existential meaning, and social connection—dimensions often overlooked by symptom-focused assessment. The PDI enables clinicians to identify and address dignity threats systematically, preventing the existential despair that can accompany terminal illness even when physical symptoms are well-controlled.
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- Chochinov, H. M., Hassard, T., McClement, S., Hack, T., Kristjanson, L. J., Harlos, M., Speca, M., & Tool, T. (2008). The Patient Dignity Inventory: a novel way of measuring dignity-related distress in palliative care. Journal of Pain and Symptom Management, 36(6), 559–571. · DOI 10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2007.12.018
- Chochinov, H. M., Hack, T., McClement, S., Kristjanson, L., & Harlos, M. (2002). Dignity in the terminally ill: A developing empirical model. Social Science & Medicine, 54(3), 433–443. · DOI 10.1016/S0277-9536(01)00084-3
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