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	zk-STARK	Gitterbaserad kryptografi
Ämnesområde	Kryptografi	Kryptografi
Familj	Machine learning	Machine learning
Ursprungsår	2018	1996
Upphovsperson	Eli Ben-Sasson	Miklós Ajtai
Typ	transparent zero-knowledge argument of knowledge	public-key cryptosystem based on lattice hardness
Ursprungskälla	Ben-Sasson, E., Bentov, I., Horesh, Y., & Riabzev, M. (2019). Scalable, transparent, and post-quantum secure computational integrity. In IACR Cryptology ePrint Archive, Report 2018/046.	Ajtai, M. (1996). Generating hard instances of the short basis problem. In Proceedings of the 28th Annual ACM Symposium on Theory of Computing, pp. 99-108.
Alias	zk-STARK, transparent argument of knowledge, STARK	lattice cryptography, post-quantum lattice cryptography
Närliggande	3	3
Sammanfattning	A zk-STARK (Zero-Knowledge Scalable Transparent Argument of Knowledge) is a cryptographic proof system allowing a prover to convince a verifier of a computation's correctness without trusted setup or revealing computational details. Introduced by Ben-Sasson and colleagues in 2018, zk-STARKs address a key limitation of zk-SNARKs: they require no preprocessing phase vulnerable to corruption. Instead, STARKs rely only on cryptographic hash functions, making them simpler, more transparent, and believed to be post-quantum secure.	Lattice-based cryptography is a class of cryptosystems whose security is derived from the computational hardness of lattice problems, particularly the shortest vector problem (SVP) and learning with errors (LWE). First proposed by Miklós Ajtai in 1996, lattice-based approaches have gained prominence as the leading candidates for post-quantum cryptography. Unlike RSA and ECC, which are vulnerable to quantum computers, lattice problems are believed to remain hard even against quantum algorithms.