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	Observationssystem för terapiprocesser	Working Alliance Inventory
Ämnesområde	Psykoterapiforskning	Psykoterapiforskning
Familj	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Ursprungsår	1992	1989
Upphovsperson	William B. Stiles, Clara E. Hill	Adam O. Horvath & Leslie S. Greenberg
Typ	Observer-rated	Therapist/Client-rated
Ursprungskälla	Stiles, W. B. (1992). Describing talk: A taxonomy of verbal response modes. Newbury Park, CA: Sage Publications.	Horvath, A. O., & Greenberg, L. S. (1989). Development and validation of the Working Alliance Inventory. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 36(2), 223–233.
Alias	TPOCS, Observational Coding System	WAI, WAI-36, WAI-SF, WAI-SR
Närliggande	4	4
Sammanfattning	The Therapy Process Observational Coding System (TPOCS) is a comprehensive observer-rated method for classifying and quantifying therapist and client utterances in psychotherapy sessions. Using Stiles's taxonomy of verbal response modes (e.g., Advisement, Reflection, Interpretation, Disclosure), the TPOCS enables detailed analysis of what therapists and clients are doing moment-by-moment: who is talking, what mode (technique), and how frequently. It is used in process research to understand mechanisms of change, train therapists, and examine whether therapy modalities differ in their in-session behavior.	The Working Alliance Inventory (WAI) is a validated, empirically supported measure of the therapeutic alliance—the collaborative relationship between therapist and client. Developed by Horvath and Greenberg in 1989, the WAI operationalizes Bordin's tripartite model of alliance: agreement on goals, agreement on tasks, and emotional bond. It is one of the most widely used alliance measures in psychotherapy research and is a strong predictor of psychotherapy outcome across diverse theoretical orientations and client populations.