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	Robust Morans I	Robusta lokala indikatorer för rumslig association (Robust LISA)
Ämnesområde	Rumslig analys	Rumslig analys
Familj	Regression model	Regression model
Ursprungsår	1990s–2000s	1995–2000s
Upphovsperson	Extension of Moran (1950); robust adaptations developed in spatial statistics literature	Anselin (LISA, 1995); robust extensions by Assuncao & Reis and subsequent spatial statisticians
Typ	Robust spatial autocorrelation statistic	Local spatial autocorrelation statistic (robust variant)
Ursprungskälla	Anselin, L. (1995). Local indicators of spatial association—LISA. Geographical Analysis, 27(2), 93–115.	Anselin, L. (1995). Local indicators of spatial association—LISA. Geographical Analysis, 27(2), 93–115.
Alias	outlier-resistant Moran's I, robust spatial autocorrelation test, median-based Moran statistic, robust global spatial association	Robust LISA, outlier-resistant LISA, robust local spatial autocorrelation, LISA with robust weights
Närliggande	6	6
Sammanfattning	Robust Moran's I is an outlier-resistant adaptation of the classic Moran's I spatial autocorrelation statistic. By replacing the standard mean-based standardization with resistant measures of center and spread, it detects genuine geographic clustering without being distorted by a small number of extreme values in the attribute of interest.	Robust Local Indicators of Spatial Association extend Anselin's LISA framework to handle outliers, extreme values, and spatially heterogeneous populations. By applying outlier-resistant adjustments to the spatial weights or the standardised values, Robust LISA identifies statistically significant local clusters and spatial outliers without the distortions caused by highly influential observations.