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| Platsanknytningsskalan (PAS)× | Destination Image Scale× | |
|---|---|---|
| Ämnesområde | Turismledning | Turismledning |
| Familj | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| Ursprungsår≠ | 1992 | 1991 |
| Upphovsperson≠ | Williams, D. R.; Vaske, J. J. | Echtner, C. M., & Ritchie, J. R. B. |
| Typ≠ | Self-report questionnaire | Self-report questionnaire / Semantic differential scale |
| Ursprungskälla≠ | Williams, D. R., & Vaske, J. J. (1992). The measurement of place attachment: Valid and reliable instruments for natural environments. Society and Natural Resources, 15(3), 271-280. link ↗ | Baloglu, S., & Brinberg, D. (1997). Affective images of tourism destinations. Journal of Travel Research, 35(4), 11-15. DOI ↗ |
| Alias | PAS, Destination Attachment Scale | DIS, Destination Perception Scale |
| Närliggande | 5 | 5 |
| Sammanfattning≠ | The Place Attachment Scale (PAS), developed by Williams & Vaske (1992) and refined by Jorgensen & Stedman (2001), measures individuals' emotional and functional bonds to destinations—the extent to which places become integral to identity and sense of belonging. Comprising dimensions of place identity (destination as self-definition), place dependence (destination optimizes one's activities), emotional bonds (love, comfort), and community belonging, the PAS distinguishes deep loyalty-drivers from transactional satisfaction. Essential for understanding repeat visitation, community tourism governance, heritage conservation, and destination branding strategies that cultivate belonging. | The Destination Image Scale (DIS) measures how potential or actual visitors perceive and emotionally evaluate a tourism destination. Developed by Echtner & Ritchie (1991) and extended by Baloglu & Brinberg (1997), it captures both rational beliefs about destination attributes (attractions, climate, value, safety) and affective emotional responses (excitement, pleasantness, arousal). Destination image is a primary driver of visitation intention and repeat patronage, making the DIS essential for destination marketing strategy and competitive positioning. |
| ScholarGateDatamängd ↗ |
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