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	Multiple Sclerosis Quality of Life-54 (MSQOL-54)	Modified Rankin Scale (mRS)
Ämnesområde	Neurologi	Neurologi
Familj	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Ursprungsår	1995	1988
Upphovsperson	Barbara G. Vickrey, UCLA	Rankin scale original (Rankin, 1957); modified version by van Swieten et al.
Typ	Self-report questionnaire	Clinician-rated ordinal scale
Ursprungskälla	Vickrey, B. G., Hays, R. D., Genovese, B. J., Myers, L. W., & Ellison, G. W. (1995). Outcomes in Multiple Sclerosis: The Multiple Sclerosis Quality of Life-54 Scale. Health Psychology, 14(1), 34-42.	van Swieten, J. C., Koudstaal, P. J., Visser, M. C., Schouten, H. J., & van Gijn, J. (1988). Interobserver agreement for the assessment of handicap in stroke patients. Stroke, 19(5), 604-607.
Alias	MS QoL-54	mRS, Rankin Scale, Modified Rankin
Närliggande	4	4
Sammanfattning	The MSQOL-54 is a disease-specific quality-of-life instrument designed to assess the physical and mental burden of multiple sclerosis on patients' daily functioning and well-being. Developed by Vickrey and colleagues in 1995, it combines the widely-used SF-36 generic health questionnaire with 18 MS-specific items to provide comprehensive measurement of QoL in MS populations. This scale is a cornerstone tool in MS clinical research and patient monitoring.	The Modified Rankin Scale is a simple 0-6 ordinal measure of global disability or dependency in patients with stroke and other neurological conditions. Originally developed by Rankin in 1957 and modified by van Swieten and colleagues in 1988, it remains the most widely used global disability outcome in stroke clinical trials and clinical practice. Its simplicity, brevity, and strong prognostic association make it the gold standard for acute stroke outcome measurement and is mandated as a primary endpoint in virtually all stroke therapeutic trials.