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| Least-Cost Path / Cost-Distance Analysis× | Teknik för ordning av preferens genom likhet med ideal lösning× | |
|---|---|---|
| Ämnesområde≠ | Rumslig analys | Beslutsfattande |
| Familj≠ | Process / pipeline | MCDM |
| Ursprungsår≠ | 1994 | 1981 |
| Upphovsperson≠ | Edsger Dijkstra (shortest path); GIS cost-surface adaptation | Hwang, C. L., Yoon, K. |
| Typ≠ | Raster cost-surface routing | Distance-based (compromise) |
| Ursprungskälla≠ | Dijkstra, E. W. (1959). A note on two problems in connexion with graphs. Numerische Mathematik, 1(1), 269–271. DOI ↗ | Hwang, C. L., Yoon, K. (1981). Multiple Attribute Decision Making: Methods and Applications — A State-of-the-Art Survey. Lecture Notes in Economics and Mathematical Systems, Vol. 186, Springer-Verlag DOI ↗ |
| Alias≠ | cost-distance analysis, accumulated cost surface, least-cost corridor, en düşük maliyetli yol | — |
| Närliggande≠ | 3 | 8 |
| Sammanfattning≠ | Least-cost path analysis finds the route between two locations that minimizes accumulated travel cost across a landscape, rather than minimizing straight-line distance. By encoding terrain, slope, land cover, and other frictions into a cost surface and accumulating cost outward from a source, it identifies optimal corridors for roads, pipelines, trails, power lines, and wildlife movement — a core raster-GIS technique built on Dijkstra's shortest-path logic. | TOPSIS (Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution) is a ranking multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Hwang, C. L., Yoon, K. in 1981. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structured, reproducible result. |
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