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	LD Block Analysis	Selection Sweep (Tajima's D)
Ämnesområde	Genetik	Genetik
Familj	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Ursprungsår	2002	1989
Upphovsperson	Shaun Gabriel & Eric Lander	Fumio Tajima
Typ	Haplotype analysis method	Neutrality test
Ursprungskälla	Gabriel, S. B., Schaffner, S. F., Nguyen, H., Moore, J. M., Roy, J., Blumenstiel, B., & Lander, E. S. (2002). The structure of haplotype blocks in the human genome. Science, 296(5576), 2225–2229.	Tajima, F. (1989). Statistical method for testing the neutral mutation hypothesis by DNA polymorphism. Genetics, 123(3), 585–595.
Alias	Haplotype block analysis, LD mapping, Block structure analysis	Tajima's D test, Selective sweep analysis, Neutrality test
Närliggande	5	4
Sammanfattning	Linkage disequilibrium (LD) block analysis is a genomic method that partitions the human genome into distinct haplotype blocks—regions of limited recombination where variants are in strong statistical association. First systematically described by Gabriel and colleagues in 2002, this approach reveals the underlying structure of genetic variation and enables efficient genomic studies by reducing the number of variants needed to capture common diversity. LD block analysis forms the foundation of genome-wide association study (GWAS) design and modern population genetics.	Tajima's D is a statistical test designed to detect selective sweeps—recent, rapid fixation of advantageous mutations—from patterns of genetic variation in DNA sequences. Developed by Fumio Tajima in 1989, this test measures deviations from neutrality by comparing different measures of DNA sequence diversity. A significant Tajima's D value indicates departure from neutral evolution, suggesting positive selection, population structure, or demographic events.