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	Evolutionary Strategy (CMA-ES)	Bayesiansk optimering
Ämnesområde	Optimering	Optimering
Familj	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Ursprungsår	2001	1975 (foundational); 2012 (ML standard)
Upphovsperson	Nikolaus Hansen & Andreas Ostermeier	Mockus (1975); popularised for ML by Snoek, Larochelle & Adams (2012)
Typ	Derivative-free continuous black-box optimizer	Sequential model-based black-box optimization
Ursprungskälla	Hansen, N. & Ostermeier, A. (2001). Completely Derandomized Self-Adaptation in Evolutionary Strategies. Evolutionary Computation, 9(2), 159-195.	Snoek, J., Larochelle, H., & Adams, R.P. (2012). Practical Bayesian Optimization of Machine Learning Algorithms. Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems (NeurIPS), 25.
Alias	CMA-ES, Evolution Strategy, Evrimsel Strateji (CMA-ES), self-adapting evolution strategy	Bayesçi Optimizasyon (Hyperparameter Tuning), surrogate-based optimization, sequential model-based optimization, SMBO
Närliggande	5	2
Sammanfattning	CMA-ES, short for Covariance Matrix Adaptation Evolution Strategy, is a modern derivative-free optimizer for continuous black-box functions introduced by Hansen and Ostermeier in 2001. It maintains a population of candidate solutions drawn from a multivariate normal distribution and iteratively updates the distribution's mean, step size, and full covariance matrix to steer the search toward better regions of the parameter space. It has become the de-facto standard for continuous black-box optimization and is widely used in neural architecture search and reinforcement-learning policy optimization.	Bayesian Optimization is a sequential, model-based strategy for finding the optimum of expensive black-box functions with as few evaluations as possible. Rooted in the work of Mockus (1975) and brought to mainstream machine-learning practice by Snoek, Larochelle, and Adams (2012), it fits a probabilistic surrogate model — typically a Gaussian Process — to past observations and uses an acquisition function to decide where to probe next, balancing exploration of unknown regions with exploitation of promising ones.