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	ABCD Matrix	Strålutbredningsmetoden	Fouriers optik
Ämnesområde	Optik	Optik	Optik
Familj	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Ursprungsår	1966	1978	1822
Upphovsperson	Herwig Kogelnik and Tingye Li	Michael Feit and John Fleck	Joseph Fourier and Ernst Abbe
Typ	Ray optics formalism	Paraxial propagation algorithm	Spectral decomposition method
Ursprungskälla	Kogelnik, H., & Li, T. (1966). Laser beams and resonators. Applied Optics, 5(10), 1550-1567.	Feit, M. D., & Fleck, J. A. (1978). Light propagation in graded-index optical fibers. Applied Optics, 17(24), 3990-3998.	Goodman, J. W. (1968). Introduction to Fourier Optics. McGraw-Hill.
Alias	ray transfer matrix, ABCD method, system matrix	BPM, paraxial approximation method	frequency-domain optics, wave optics, diffraction theory
Närliggande	3	3	3
Sammanfattning	The ABCD matrix, or ray transfer matrix method, is a compact algebraic framework for analyzing optical systems. Introduced by Kogelnik and Li in 1966, it represents the linear transformation of ray position and angle (or Gaussian beam parameters) through optical elements. This method is foundational in laser physics, Gaussian optics, and optical design, enabling rapid calculation of resonator stability, beam propagation, and system performance.	The Beam Propagation Method is a computational technique for simulating the propagation of optical beams through slowly varying, weakly guiding structures. Developed by Feit and Fleck in 1978, BPM exploits the paraxial approximation to reduce the full vector wave equation to a scalar or vector envelope equation, enabling efficient simulation of waveguides, integrated optics, and photonic devices.	Fourier optics is a mathematical framework that analyzes optical systems and phenomena using Fourier transforms and frequency-domain methods. Grounded in Joseph Fourier's 1822 work on heat diffusion and Ernst Abbe's microscopy theory, this approach decomposes optical fields into plane waves or spatial frequencies, revealing how optical systems manipulate and filter these components to produce images and transmit information.