Krahasoni metodat

	Autokorrelacioni Hapësinor Robust	Treguesit Lokalë të Asociacionit Hapësinor (LISA)
Fusha	Analiza hapësinore	Analiza hapësinore
Familja	Regression model	Regression model
Viti i origjinës	1981–1995	1995
Krijuesi	Cliff & Ord; extended by Anselin and colleagues	Luc Anselin
Lloji	Spatial dependence test (robust variant)	Local spatial statistic
Burimi themelues	Anselin, L., & Florax, R. J. G. M. (1995). Small sample properties of tests for spatial dependence in regression models: some further results. In Anselin, L. & Florax, R. J. G. M. (Eds.), New Directions in Spatial Econometrics. Springer, Berlin.	Anselin, L. (1995). Local Indicators of Spatial Association — LISA. Geographical Analysis, 27(2), 93–115.
Emërtime të tjera	robust Moran's I, robust spatial dependence test, outlier-resistant spatial autocorrelation, RSA	LISA, local spatial autocorrelation statistics, local Moran's I, Anselin LISA
Të lidhura	5	6
Përmbledhja	Robust spatial autocorrelation methods measure the degree to which nearby geographic units share similar values, while explicitly controlling for the distorting influence of spatial outliers and extreme observations. They extend classical statistics such as Moran's I by down-weighting or trimming observations that would otherwise inflate or deflate the autocorrelation signal.	LISA, introduced by Luc Anselin in 1995, decomposes a global spatial autocorrelation index into a location-specific statistic for every observation. It identifies where statistically significant spatial clusters and outliers occur on a map, enabling researchers to move beyond a single global summary and pinpoint the geographic sources of spatial dependence.