Krahasoni metodat

	Zhvillimi Longitudinal i Shkallëve	Analiza Konfirmuese e Faktorëve (AKF)
Fusha	Psikometri	Psikometri
Familja	Latent structure	Latent structure
Viti i origjinës	1990s–2000s	1969
Krijuesi	Meredith, Millsap, and colleagues	Karl Gustav Jöreskog
Lloji	Scale construction framework	Hypothesis-testing latent variable model
Burimi themelues	Millsap, R. E. (2011). Statistical Approaches to Measurement Invariance. Routledge. ISBN: 978-0805864311	Jöreskog, K. G. (1969). A general approach to confirmatory maximum likelihood factor analysis. Psychometrika, 34(2), 183–202.
Emërtime të tjera	LSD, longitudinal measurement development, repeated-measures scale construction, scale development with panel data	CFA, confirmatory FA, measurement model, restricted factor analysis
Të lidhura	6	4
Përmbledhja	Longitudinal scale development is the systematic process of constructing and validating a measurement instrument using data collected at multiple time points. It extends classical scale development by additionally testing whether the scale measures the same construct in the same metric across occasions, enabling valid tracking of change over time.	Confirmatory factor analysis tests a researcher-specified factor structure against observed data. Unlike exploratory approaches, the researcher decides in advance which indicators load on which latent factor, and the model is evaluated by how closely the implied covariance matrix reproduces the sample covariance matrix. CFA is central to scale validation, construct validity assessment, and measurement invariance testing.