Krahasoni metodat
Shqyrtoni metodat e zgjedhura krah për krah; rreshtat që ndryshojnë janë të theksuar.
| Dizajni eksperimental me kryqëzim para-test-pas-test× | Dizajni eksperimental faktorial me matje para dhe pas trajtimit× | |
|---|---|---|
| Fusha | Dizajni eksperimental | Dizajni eksperimental |
| Familja | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| Viti i origjinës≠ | 1963 (Campbell & Stanley framework); crossover methodology formalized 1980s–2000s | 1963 (canonical formalization) |
| Krijuesi≠ | Donald T. Campbell & Julian C. Stanley (pretest-posttest framework); Stephen Senn (crossover trial methodology) | Codified by Donald T. Campbell and Julian C. Stanley |
| Lloji≠ | Within-subjects experimental design | True experimental design |
| Burimi themelues≠ | Senn, S. (2002). Cross-over Trials in Clinical Research (2nd ed.). Wiley. ISBN: 978-0471496533 | Campbell, D. T., & Stanley, J. C. (1963). Experimental and Quasi-Experimental Designs for Research. Rand McNally. link ↗ |
| Emërtime të tjera | within-subjects pretest-posttest design, repeated-measures crossover design, AB/BA pretest-posttest design, crossover repeated-measures design | factorial pre-post design, factorial repeated-measures pretest-posttest design, multi-factor pretest-posttest design, FPPD |
| Të lidhura≠ | 5 | 6 |
| Përmbledhja≠ | A crossover pretest-posttest experimental design is a within-subjects experiment in which each participant receives two or more treatments in a randomized sequence, with outcome measurements taken both before and after each treatment period. By serving as their own control across conditions, participants allow direct intra-individual comparison, dramatically increasing statistical power while reducing the sample size required relative to a parallel-group design. | A factorial pretest-posttest experimental design combines the simultaneous manipulation of two or more independent variables (factors) with measurement of the dependent variable both before and after treatment. This structure allows researchers to assess the main effect of each factor, all possible interaction effects between factors, and the magnitude of change from pretest to posttest — all within a single, fully randomised experiment. |
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