Сравнение методов

	Longformer / BigBird	Смесь экспертов
Область	Глубокое обучение	Глубокое обучение
Семейство	Machine learning	Machine learning
Год появления	2020	2017
Автор метода	Beltagy, Peters & Cohan (Longformer); Zaheer et al. (BigBird)	Shazeer, N. et al.
Тип	Sparse-attention Transformer for long sequences	Sparse neural network architecture (conditional computation)
Основополагающий источник	Beltagy, I., Peters, M. E. & Cohan, A. (2020). Longformer: The Long-Document Transformer. arXiv.	Shazeer, N. et al. (2017). Outrageously Large Neural Networks: The Sparsely-Gated Mixture-of-Experts Layer. ICLR. arXiv:1701.06538
Другие названия	Uzun Dizi Transformer (Longformer / BigBird), uzun dizi transformer, long-document transformer, sparse-attention transformer	Uzman Karışımı (Mixture of Experts — MoE), uzman karışımı, MoE, sparse mixture of experts
Связанные	4	3
Сводка	Long-sequence Transformers such as Longformer (Beltagy, Peters & Cohan, 2020) and BigBird (Zaheer et al., 2020) replace the standard Transformer's O(n²) attention with sparse attention patterns that scale linearly, O(n), with sequence length. This lets a single model attend over thousands of tokens — full documents, legal texts, or genomic sequences — that would not fit a conventional Transformer.	Mixture of Experts (MoE) is a sparse neural-network architecture, introduced by Shazeer and colleagues in 2017 with the sparsely-gated MoE layer, in which only a subset of expert sub-networks is activated for each input. As seen in models such as Switch Transformer and Mixtral, it holds computation cost fixed even as the total parameter count grows.