Сравнение методов

	Анализ видов и последствий отказов (FMEA)	Шесть сигм DMAIC
Область	Планирование эксперимента	Управление качеством
Семейство	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Год появления	1949 (military); widespread industrial adoption 1970s–1980s	2014
Автор метода	U.S. Military / NASA (formalized by MIL-P-1629, 1949)	Motorola; Pyzdek & Keller
Тип	Proactive risk analysis technique	Structured process improvement methodology
Основополагающий источник	Stamatis, D. H. (2003). Failure Mode and Effect Analysis: FMEA from Theory to Execution (2nd ed.). ASQ Quality Press. ISBN: 978-0873895989	Pyzdek, T., & Keller, P. (2014). The Six Sigma Handbook (4th ed.). McGraw-Hill. ISBN: 978-0-07-184053-9
Другие названия	FMEA, Failure Modes and Effects Analysis, FMECA, Failure Mode Effects and Criticality Analysis	DMAIC Framework, Six Sigma Process Improvement Cycle, Define-Measure-Analyze-Improve-Control, Altı Sigma DMAIC
Связанные	6	3
Сводка	Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA) is a structured, proactive risk management technique used to identify potential failure modes in a system, process, or product design, evaluate their consequences, and prioritize corrective actions before failures occur. Originally developed for the U.S. military in 1949 and later adopted by NASA, automotive, and manufacturing industries, FMEA is now a cornerstone quality-engineering tool embedded in standards such as AIAG-VDA and ISO 9001-aligned processes.	Six Sigma DMAIC is a data-driven, five-phase process improvement methodology — Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve, and Control — used to reduce defects and process variation to fewer than 3.4 defects per million opportunities. Originating at Motorola in the 1980s and systematized by practitioners including Pyzdek and Keller, it is widely adopted in manufacturing, healthcare, finance, and service industries seeking sustained quality gains.