Сравнение методов

	Бэггинг (Бутстрэп-агрегирование)	Байесовское усреднение моделей	Бустинг
Область	Машинное обучение	Байесовские методы	Машинное обучение
Семейство	Machine learning	Bayesian methods	Machine learning
Год появления	1996	1999	1990–1997
Автор метода	Breiman, L.	Hoeting, Madigan, Raftery & Volinsky	Schapire, R. E.; Freund, Y.
Тип	Ensemble meta-algorithm (variance reduction via bootstrap aggregation)	Bayesian model averaging	Sequential ensemble (iterative reweighting)
Основополагающий источник	Breiman, L. (1996). Bagging Predictors. Machine Learning, 24(2), 123–140.	Hoeting, J. A., Madigan, D., Raftery, A. E. & Volinsky, C. T. (1999). Bayesian Model Averaging: A Tutorial. Statistical Science, 14(4), 382–401.	Freund, Y. & Schapire, R. E. (1997). A decision-theoretic generalization of on-line learning and an application to boosting. Journal of Computer and System Sciences, 55(1), 119–139.
Другие названия	Bootstrap Aggregating, bootstrap aggregation, bagged ensemble, bagged predictor	BMA, Bayesian model combination, Bayesian Model Ortalaması (BMA)	AdaBoost, gradient boosting, iterative reweighting ensemble, sequential ensemble
Связанные	5	5	6
Сводка	Bagging, short for Bootstrap Aggregating, is an ensemble meta-algorithm introduced by Leo Breiman in 1996 that trains multiple copies of a base learner on independently drawn bootstrap samples of the training data and combines their predictions — by averaging for regression or majority vote for classification — to produce a final predictor with substantially lower variance than any single base learner.	Bayesian Model Averaging (BMA), formalised as a tutorial by Hoeting, Madigan, Raftery and Volinsky in 1999, addresses model uncertainty by averaging over all plausible model specifications rather than selecting a single best model. Each candidate model receives a posterior probability that reflects how well it fits the data given a prior, and predictions or coefficient estimates are formed as weighted averages across the entire model space. This approach reduces the bias and overconfidence that arise when a single selected model is treated as the true one.	Boosting is a sequential ensemble technique that converts many simple, barely-better-than-chance learners into a single highly accurate model by repeatedly focusing training on the examples that previous learners got wrong, then combining all learners with weights proportional to their individual accuracy.