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| Regression Splines× | Regresja lokalna LOESS / LOWESS× | |
|---|---|---|
| Dziedzina | Uczenie maszynowe | Uczenie maszynowe |
| Rodzina | Machine learning | Machine learning |
| Rok powstania≠ | 1996 | 1979 |
| Twórca≠ | Spline regression literature; P-splines by Eilers & Marx | William S. Cleveland |
| Typ≠ | Piecewise-polynomial nonparametric regression | Local nonparametric regression smoother |
| Źródło pierwotne≠ | Eilers, P. H. C., & Marx, B. D. (1996). Flexible smoothing with B-splines and penalties. Statistical Science, 11(2), 89–121. DOI ↗ | Cleveland, W. S. (1979). Robust locally weighted regression and smoothing scatterplots. Journal of the American Statistical Association, 74(368), 829–836. DOI ↗ |
| Inne nazwy≠ | splines, cubic splines, natural splines, smoothing splines | LOWESS, local regression, locally weighted scatterplot smoothing, yerel regresyon |
| Pokrewne≠ | 4 | 3 |
| Podsumowanie≠ | Regression splines model a nonlinear relationship by fitting piecewise polynomials that join smoothly at a set of points called knots. Cubic and natural splines are the most common, and smoothing splines add a roughness penalty that automatically balances fit against smoothness. Splines are the standard flexible building block for univariate nonlinear regression and the basis of generalized additive models. | LOESS (locally estimated scatterplot smoothing), introduced by William Cleveland in 1979 and extended with Susan Devlin in 1988, fits a smooth curve through data by performing a separate weighted polynomial regression in the neighbourhood of each point. Nearby observations count more than distant ones, so the method follows local structure without assuming any global functional form, making it a popular exploratory smoother for scatterplots. |
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