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| Analiza Partycypacyjna Dyskursu× | Etnografia× | |
|---|---|---|
| Dziedzina | Metody jakościowe | Metody jakościowe |
| Rodzina | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| Rok powstania≠ | 1990s–2000s (consolidated as a named approach) | c. 1922 (Malinowski's Argonauts of the Western Pacific) |
| Twórca≠ | Developed at the intersection of participatory action research (Kurt Lewin, 1940s) and discourse analysis (Foucault, Fairclough, van Dijk, 1980s–1990s) | Bronisław Malinowski (modern ethnography); rooted in 19th-century anthropology |
| Typ≠ | Qualitative research design and analytic approach | Qualitative fieldwork tradition |
| Źródło pierwotne≠ | Mohanty, S. P. (2004). The epistemic status of cultural identity: On beloved and the postcolonial condition. In P. Moya & M. Hames-Garcia (Eds.), Reclaiming Identity: Realist Theory and the Predicament of Postmodernism. University of California Press. link ↗ | Hammersley, M. & Atkinson, P. (2019). Ethnography: Principles in Practice (4th ed.). Routledge. ISBN: 978-1138504462 |
| Inne nazwy | PDA, collaborative discourse analysis, participatory critical discourse analysis, community-based discourse analysis | Etnografi, participant observation, fieldwork, ethnographic research |
| Pokrewne≠ | 6 | 5 |
| Podsumowanie≠ | Participatory Discourse Analysis (PDA) integrates the collaborative ethos of participatory action research with the language-focused lens of discourse analysis. Community members or research participants are not merely sources of data — they are co-analysts who help collect, interpret, and act on discourse. PDA is used to uncover how language constructs power relations, identities, and social practices within marginalized or under-researched communities, and to translate those findings into concrete change. | Ethnography is a qualitative research tradition in which a researcher immerses themselves in a social group or community over an extended period — typically three to six months or longer — to study its culture, values, and behaviours in their natural setting. Originating in social and cultural anthropology, and consolidated as a rigorous method by Bronisław Malinowski in the early twentieth century, ethnography produces rich, contextualised accounts of how people live, work, and make meaning together. |
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