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| Modele migracji (wypychające-przyciągające / wieloregionalne)× | Modele interakcji przestrzennej (grawitacyjne)× | |
|---|---|---|
| Dziedzina≠ | Demografia | Analiza przestrzenna |
| Rodzina | Regression model | Regression model |
| Rok powstania≠ | 1966 | 1971 |
| Twórca≠ | Everett Lee | Alan Wilson (entropy-maximizing family) |
| Typ≠ | Theoretical-quantitative migration framework | Model of flows between spatial origins and destinations |
| Źródło pierwotne≠ | Lee, E. S. (1966). A theory of migration. Demography, 3(1), 47–57. DOI ↗ | Wilson, A. G. (1971). A family of spatial interaction models, and associated developments. Environment and Planning A, 3(1), 1–32. DOI ↗ |
| Inne nazwy | Push-Pull Migration Theory, Multiregional Migration Model, Lee Migration Framework, Göç Modelleri | gravity model, spatial interaction model, competing destinations model, mekânsal etkileşim modeli |
| Pokrewne≠ | 3 | 4 |
| Podsumowanie≠ | Migration models are quantitative frameworks for explaining and forecasting population movement between geographic units. Lee's (1966) push-pull theory classifies factors at origin and destination into positive and negative forces, modulated by intervening obstacles. Widely used by demographers, regional planners, and policy researchers to project labor mobility, refugee flows, and urbanization trends across national and subnational geographies. | Spatial interaction models predict the volume of flows — migrants, commuters, shoppers, trade, trips — between origins and destinations as a function of the size of each place and the distance or cost separating them. By analogy to Newton's gravity, interaction rises with the 'mass' of origin and destination and falls with separation, and Wilson's 1971 entropy-maximizing family put these models on a rigorous footing for transport, migration, and retail analysis. |
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