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| Teoria Köhlera× | Analiza jąder kondensacji chmur× | Model WRF× | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Dziedzina | Meteorologia | Meteorologia | Meteorologia |
| Rodzina | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| Rok powstania≠ | 1936 | 1959 | 2000 |
| Twórca≠ | Hilding Kohler | Twomey, Woodard | Skamarock and Klemp |
| Typ≠ | Thermodynamic equilibrium framework | Cloud microphysical measurement | Atmospheric simulation system |
| Źródło pierwotne≠ | Köhler, H. (1936). The nucleus in and the growth of hygroscopic droplets. Transactions of the Faraday Society, 32, 1152-1161. DOI ↗ | Dusek, U., Frank, G. P., Hildebrandt, L., et al. (2006). Size matters more than chemistry for cloud-nucleating ability of aerosol particles. Science, 312(5778), 1375-1378. DOI ↗ | Skamarock, W. C., Klemp, J. B., Dudhia, J., et al. (2008). A Description of the Advanced Research WRF Version 3. NCAR Technical Note NCAR/TN-475+STR. link ↗ |
| Inne nazwy≠ | Kohler theory, Kohler equilibrium, Cloud droplet nucleation | CCN analysis, Cloud condensation nuclei, CCN measurement | Weather Research and Forecasting, WRF, ARW, NMM |
| Pokrewne≠ | 3 | 3 | 4 |
| Podsumowanie≠ | Köhler theory is a foundational framework in cloud microphysics that predicts the equilibrium supersaturation required for an aerosol particle of given size and composition to grow into a cloud droplet. Published in 1936 by Hilding Köhler, it combines the Kelvin effect (vapor pressure enhancement over curved surfaces) with the Raoult effect (vapor pressure depression from dissolved solute) to explain cloud droplet formation. | Cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) analysis examines the number and properties of aerosol particles capable of nucleating cloud droplets at various supersaturation levels. This field involves measuring CCN concentrations, characterizing their chemical composition and size, and relating aerosol properties to cloud microphysical processes. | The Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model is a mesoscale atmospheric simulation system used for weather forecasting, research, and climate applications. Developed cooperatively by NCAR, NOAA, and academic institutions, WRF became operational in 2004 and has become one of the most widely used atmospheric models worldwide. |
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