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	Model projekcji całkowej	Analiza Wykonalności Populacji
Dziedzina	Ekologia	Ekologia
Rodzina	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Rok powstania	2000	1981
Twórca	Stephen Ellner and Mark Rees	Mark Shaffer
Typ	size-structured population projection	extinction risk assessment
Źródło pierwotne	Easterling, M. R., Ellner, S. P., & Dixon, P. M. (2000). Size-specific sensitivity: applying a new structured population model. Ecology, 81(3), 694-708.	Shaffer, M. L. (1981). Minimum population sizes for species conservation. BioScience, 31(2), 131-134.
Inne nazwy	IPM, continuous size structure, kernel model, size-structured population	PVA, extinction risk, minimum viable population, MVP
Pokrewne	4	4
Podsumowanie	Integral projection models (IPMs) are a class of structured population models that use continuous traits (size, age, height) to describe population dynamics. Introduced by Easterling and colleagues (2000) and developed extensively by Ellner, Rees, and collaborators, IPMs overcome limitations of age- or stage-structured models by treating individual traits as continuous. They use integration to project populations forward in time, making them particularly suitable for organisms with continuous size distributions or flexible developmental pathways. IPMs enable estimation of population growth rate (λ), sensitivity analysis, and projection under changing environmental conditions.	Population Viability Analysis (PVA), introduced by Shaffer (1981), estimates the probability that a population will persist over a given time period under specified conditions. PVA combines demographic models (Leslie matrices, IPMs) with stochastic simulation to project population trajectories, quantifying extinction risk. This allows conservation planners to assess whether a population will likely persist, evaluate management scenarios, and estimate the minimum viable population (MVP) size for long-term persistence. PVA is a decision-support tool, not a precise predictor.