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	Notatki terenowe z bezpośredniego kontaktu	Etnografia
Dziedzina	Metodologia badań sondażowych	Metody jakościowe
Rodzina	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Rok powstania	Early 20th century (Malinowski ~1915–1922); codified by Emerson et al. 1995	c. 1922 (Malinowski's Argonauts of the Western Pacific)
Twórca	Bronislaw Malinowski (systematic ethnographic fieldwork); Robert Emerson, Rachel Fretz & Linda Shaw (contemporary methodology)	Bronisław Malinowski (modern ethnography); rooted in 19th-century anthropology
Typ	Qualitative data collection technique	Qualitative fieldwork tradition
Źródło pierwotne	Emerson, R. M., Fretz, R. I., & Shaw, L. L. (1995). Writing Ethnographic Fieldnotes. University of Chicago Press. ISBN: 978-0226206813	Hammersley, M. & Atkinson, P. (2019). Ethnography: Principles in Practice (4th ed.). Routledge. ISBN: 978-1138504462
Inne nazwy	in-person field notes, observational field notes, ethnographic field notes, fieldwork notes	Etnografi, participant observation, fieldwork, ethnographic research
Pokrewne	6	5
Podsumowanie	Face-to-face field notes are a foundational qualitative data collection technique in which the researcher is physically present in the setting and records observations, interactions, events, and contextual details in written form. As the canonical mode of ethnographic and observational research, in-person field notes capture the social texture, nonverbal cues, spatial arrangements, and moment-to-moment dynamics of real-world settings that remote or mediated data collection cannot fully replicate.	Ethnography is a qualitative research tradition in which a researcher immerses themselves in a social group or community over an extended period — typically three to six months or longer — to study its culture, values, and behaviours in their natural setting. Originating in social and cultural anthropology, and consolidated as a rigorous method by Bronisław Malinowski in the early twentieth century, ethnography produces rich, contextualised accounts of how people live, work, and make meaning together.