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	Skala Kolektywizmu-Indywidualizmu	Skala Orientacji Dominacji Społecznej
Dziedzina	Psychologia społeczna	Psychologia społeczna
Rodzina	Process / pipeline	Process / pipeline
Rok powstania	1994	1994
Twórca	Theodore M. Singelis and Hazel R. Markus	Felicia Pratto, Jim Sidanius, Lisa Stallworth, and Bertram Malle
Typ	Self-report Likert scale	Self-report Likert scale
Źródło pierwotne	Singelis, T. M. (1994). The measurement of independent and interdependent self-construals. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 20(5), 580–591.	Pratto, F., Sidanius, J., Stallworth, L. M., & Malle, B. F. (1994). Social Dominance Orientation: A personality variable predicting social and political attitudes. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 67(4), 741–763.
Inne nazwy	C-I Scale	SDO
Pokrewne	4	4
Podsumowanie	The Collectivism-Individualism Scale is a self-report measure designed to assess individual differences in independent versus interdependent self-construal and cultural orientation toward individualism and collectivism. Developed by Singelis (1994) and refined through subsequent research by Triandis and colleagues, the scale operationalizes self-concept dimensions as independent (autonomous, unique) or interdependent (connected, embedded in relationships). It has become a fundamental tool for cross-cultural psychology research.	The Social Dominance Orientation Scale (SDO) is a self-report measure developed by Pratto, Sidanius, Stallworth, and Malle in 1994 to assess individual differences in preference for group-based hierarchy and inequality. The scale measures the extent to which individuals support dominance of some groups over others, reject egalitarianism, and accept hierarchical social organization. It has become central to social dominance theory and is widely used in political psychology and intergroup relations research.