Teroka sains mengikut kaedah, bidang dan bukti.

P-MOORA

P-MOORA (Plithogenic extension of P-MOORA) is a ranking multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Smarandache, F. in 2018. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structured, reproducible result.

P-MULTIMOORA

P-MULTIMOORA (Plithogenic extension of P-MULTIMOORA) is a ranking multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Smarandache, F. in 2018. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structured, reproducible result.

P-OCRA

P-OCRA (Plithogenic extension of P-OCRA) is a ranking multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Smarandache, F. in 2018. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structured, reproducible result.

P-PROMETHEE

P-PROMETHEE (Plithogenic extension of P-PROMETHEE) is a outranking multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Smarandache, F. in 2019. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structured, reproducible result.

1 sumber2019

P-PSI

P-PSI (Plithogenic extension of P-PSI) is a ranking multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Smarandache, F. in 2018. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structured, reproducible result.

P-RAFSI

P-RAFSI (Plithogenic extension of P-RAFSI) is a ranking multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Smarandache, F. in 2018. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structured, reproducible result.

P-RAWEC

P-RAWEC (Plithogenic extension of P-RAWEC) is a ranking multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Smarandache, F. in 2018. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structured, reproducible result.

P-ROV

P-ROV (Plithogenic extension of P-ROV) is a ranking multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Smarandache, F. in 2018. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structured, reproducible result.

P-SAW

P-SAW (Plithogenic extension of P-SAW) is a ranking multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Smarandache, F. in 2018. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structured, reproducible result.

P-SPOTIS

P-SPOTIS (Plithogenic extension of P-SPOTIS) is a ranking multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Smarandache, F. in 2018. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structured, reproducible result.

P-TODIM

P-TODIM (Plithogenic extension of P-TODIM) is a ranking multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Smarandache, F. in 2018. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structured, reproducible result.

P-TOPSIS

P-TOPSIS (Plithogenic extension of P-TOPSIS) is a ranking multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Smarandache, F. in 2018. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structured, reproducible result.

P-VIKOR

P-VIKOR (Plithogenic extension of P-VIKOR) is a ranking multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Smarandache, F. in 2018. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structured, reproducible result.

P-WASPAS

P-WASPAS (Plithogenic extension of P-WASPAS) is a ranking multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Smarandache, F. in 2018. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structured, reproducible result.

P-WISP

P-WISP (Plithogenic extension of P-WISP) is a ranking multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Smarandache, F. in 2018. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structured, reproducible result.

P-WPM

P-WPM (Plithogenic extension of P-WPM) is a ranking multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Smarandache, F. in 2018. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structured, reproducible result.

PAM

PAM (Polygons Area Method) is a ranking multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Various authors in 2010. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structured, reproducible result.

1 sumber2010

PAMSSEM-I

PAMSSEM-I (PAMSSEM I — Procédure d'Agrégation Multicritère) is a outranking multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Martel, J. M., Aouni, B. in 1996. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structured, reproducible result.

1 sumber1996

PAMSSEM-II

PAMSSEM-II (PAMSSEM II — Total ranking variant) is a outranking multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Martel, J. M., Aouni, B. in 1996. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structured, reproducible result.

1 sumber1996

child psychiatry

Parent-Child Relationship Inventory

The Parent-Child Relationship Inventory (PCRI) is a 78-item (or 35-item short form) parent self-report measure of parenting attitudes, behaviors, and relationship quality with their child ages 3–15 years. Developed by Abraham Gerard in 1994, the PCRI assesses six dimensions of parenting: Parental Support, Satisfaction

2 sumber1994

optimization

Particle Swarm Optimization

Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) is a population-based metaheuristic algorithm introduced by Kennedy and Eberhart in 1995, inspired by the collective movement of bird flocks and fish schools. Each candidate solution — called a particle — moves through the search space by updating its velocity and position based on its

2 sumber1995

palliative care

Patient Dignity Inventory

The Patient Dignity Inventory (PDI) is a 25-item self-report measure assessing dignity-related distress in patients with advanced cancer and life-limiting illness. Developed by Chochinov and colleagues at the University of Manitoba in 2008, the PDI operationalizes 'dignity' as a multidimensional construct encompassing

2 sumber2008

PedsQL Cancer Module

The PedsQL Cancer Module is a 31-item disease-specific instrument developed by Varni et al. in 2002 to measure quality of life in children and adolescents with cancer aged 2–18 years. It captures treatment burden (nausea, vomiting, pain, hair loss), cancer-related worry, cognitive concerns, and emotional and social imp

2 sumber2002

PedsQL Cardiac Module

The PedsQL Cardiac Module is a disease-specific instrument developed by Varni et al. in the mid-2000s to measure quality of life in children and adolescents with cardiac disease aged 2–18 years. Measuring across domains including cardiac symptom impact, activity limitations, and cardiac-related worry, it captures how c

2 sumber2005

PedsQL Diabetes Module

The PedsQL Diabetes Module is a 28-item disease-specific instrument developed by Varni et al. in 2003 to measure quality of life in children and adolescents with type 1 and type 2 diabetes. It captures the impact of diabetes management, glucose monitoring, and disease-related worry on daily functioning. The module is p

2 sumber2003

developmental assessment

PedsQL Pediatric Quality of Life

The Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL), developed by James Varni in 2001, is a validated, evidence-based patient-reported outcome measure assessing health-related quality of life in children and adolescents aged 2–18 years. Available in generic core scales and disease-specific modules, it measures physical, e

2 sumber2001

PedsQL Sickle Cell Module

The PedsQL Sickle Cell Disease Module is a disease-specific instrument developed by Varni et al. in 2012 to measure quality of life in children and adolescents with sickle cell disease aged 2–18 years. Measuring across domains including pain and symptoms, functional limitations, school impact, and disease-related worry

2 sumber2012

urology gynecology

Pelvic Floor Distress Inventory

The PFDI is a condition-specific quality-of-life measure designed to assess symptom distress across the spectrum of pelvic floor disorders, including urinary incontinence, pelvic organ prolapse, and fecal incontinence. Originally published by Barber and colleagues in 2001 with 93 items, the 20-item short form (PFDI-20)

2 sumber2001

military psychology

Peritraumatic Distress Inventory

The PDI is a 13-item self-report measure assessing the emotional, physical, and cognitive distress experienced during or immediately after a traumatic event. Developed by Brunet, Akerib, and Birmes in 2001, it captures acute peritraumatic responses (dissociation, fear, confusion) that predict risk for chronic PTSD. It

2 sumber2001

PF-ARAS

PF-ARAS (Pythagorean extension of ARAS) is a ranking multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Yager, R. R. in 2014. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structured, reproducible result.

PF-COCOSO

PF-COCOSO (PF-CoCoSo — Pythagorean extension of COCOSO) is a ranking multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Yager, R. R. in 2014. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structured, reproducible result.

PF-CODAS

PF-CODAS (Pythagorean extension of CODAS) is a ranking multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Yager, R. R. in 2014. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structured, reproducible result.

PF-COPRAS

PF-COPRAS (Pythagorean extension of COPRAS) is a ranking multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Yager, R. R. in 2014. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structured, reproducible result.

PF-EDAS

PF-EDAS (Pythagorean extension of EDAS) is a ranking multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Yager, R. R. in 2014. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structured, reproducible result.

PF-ELECTRE-II

PF-ELECTRE-II (Pythagorean fuzzy ELECTRE-II for group MCDM) is a outranking multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Akram, M.; Ilyas, F.; Garg, H. in 2021. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structured, reproducible result.

1 sumber2021

PF-GRA

PF-GRA (Pythagorean extension of GRA) is a ranking multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Yager, R. R. in 2014. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structured, reproducible result.

PF-MABAC

PF-MABAC (Pythagorean extension of MABAC) is a ranking multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Yager, R. R. in 2014. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structured, reproducible result.

PF-MARCOS

PF-MARCOS (Pythagorean extension of MARCOS) is a ranking multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Yager, R. R. in 2014. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structured, reproducible result.

PF-MOORA

PF-MOORA (Pythagorean extension of MOORA) is a ranking multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Yager, R. R. in 2014. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structured, reproducible result.

PF-PROMETHEE

PF-PROMETHEE (Pythagorean extension of PROMETHEE) is a outranking multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Yager, R. R. in 2014. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structured, reproducible result.

PF-SAW

PF-SAW (Pythagorean extension of SAW) is a ranking multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Yager, R. R. in 2014. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structured, reproducible result.

PF-TODIM

PF-TODIM (Pythagorean extension of TODIM) is a ranking multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Ren, P., Xu, Z., Gou, X. in 2016. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structured, reproducible result.

1 sumber2016

PF-TOPSIS

PF-TOPSIS (Pythagorean extension of TOPSIS) is a ranking multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Zhang, X., Xu, Z. in 2014. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structured, reproducible result.

PF-VIKOR

PF-VIKOR (Pythagorean extension of VIKOR) is a ranking multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Abbas, S., Hussain, Z., Hussain, Z., Ali, I., Mudabar, S.M. in 2024. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structured, reproducible result.

PF-WASPAS

PF-WASPAS (Pythagorean extension of WASPAS) is a ranking multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Yager, R. R. in 2014. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structured, reproducible result.

PF-WPM

PF-WPM (Pythagorean extension of WPM) is a ranking multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Yager, R. R. in 2014. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structured, reproducible result.

PHF-COPRAS

PHF-COPRAS (Probabilistic Hesitant extension of COPRAS) is a ranking multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Song, H. F. Chen, Z. C. in 2021. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structured, reproducible result.

1 sumber2021

PHF-EDAS

PHF-EDAS (Extended Hesitant Fuzzy Linguistic EDAS (EHFL-EDAS)) is a ranking multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Feng, X., Wei, C., Liu, Q. in 2018. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structured, reproducible result.

PHF-TOPSIS

PHF-TOPSIS (Probabilistic Hesitant extension of TOPSIS) is a ranking multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by PENDING_LITERATURE_SEARCH. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structured, reproducible result.

1 sumber

PHF-VIKOR

PHF-VIKOR (Probabilistic Hesitant extension of VIKOR) is a ranking multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Zhang, S. Xu, Z. S. He, Y. in 2017. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structured, reproducible result.

1 sumber2017

PHFS-EHVAR

PHFS-EHVAR (PHFS-EHVaR — Expected Hesitant Value-at-Risk for Probabilistic Hesitant Fuzzy Sets (Zhou-Xu 2017)) is a ranking multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Zhou, W. Xu, Z. in 2017. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structured, reproducible result.

1 sumber2017

PHFS-HVAR

PHFS-HVAR (PHFS-HVaR — Hesitant Value-at-Risk for Probabilistic Hesitant Fuzzy Sets (Zhou-Xu 2017)) is a ranking multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Zhou, W. Xu, Z. in 2017. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structured, reproducible result.

1 sumber2017

PIF-ARAS

PIF-ARAS (PiF-ARAS — Picture Fuzzy extension of ARAS) is a ranking multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Cuong, B. C., Kreinovich, V. in 2013. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structured, reproducible result.

PIF-ARTASI

PIF-ARTASI (Picture Fuzzy ARTASI (Kara et al. 2024)) is a ranking multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Kara, K., Yalçın, G. C., Kaygısız, E. G., Simic, V., Örnek, A. Ş., Pamucar, D. in 2024. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structured, reproducible resu

PIF-CIMAS

PIF-CIMAS (Picture Fuzzy variant of CIMAS (Kara et al. 2024)) is a weight subjective multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Kara, K., Yalçın, G. C., Kaygısız, E. G., Simic, V., Örnek, A. Ş., Pamucar, D. in 2024. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structured

PIF-CIMAS-ARTASI

PIF-CIMAS-ARTASI (Hybrid Picture Fuzzy weighting (CIMAS) + ranking (ARTASI)) is a hybrid multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Kara, K., Yalçın, G. C., Kaygısız, E. G., Simic, V., Örnek, A. Ş., Pamucar, D. in 2024. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a struct

PIF-CODAS

PIF-CODAS (PiF-CODAS — Picture extension of CODAS) is a ranking multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Cuong, B. C., Kreinovich, V. in 2013. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structured, reproducible result.

PIF-COPRAS

PIF-COPRAS (PiF-COPRAS — Picture extension of COPRAS) is a ranking multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Cuong, B. C. in 2013. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structured, reproducible result.

PIF-DOMBI

PIF-DOMBI (Picture Fuzzy Dombi Aggregation Operators for MADM (Jana, Senapati, Pal & Yager 2019)) is a aggregationoperator multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Jana, C. Senapati, T. Pal, M. Yager, R. R. in 2019. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structur

1 sumber2019

PIF-EDAS

PIF-EDAS (PiF-EDAS — Picture extension of EDAS) is a ranking multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method introduced by Cuong, B. C., Kreinovich, V. in 2013. It turns a decision matrix of alternatives scored on multiple criteria into a structured, reproducible result.