Document Analysis
Document analysis is a systematic qualitative research method for examining written, visual, or audiovisual sources—such as policy documents, historical records, organizational records, media reports, emails, social media posts, photographs, or videos—to extract meaning, identify patterns, and understand social phenomena. Developed by Weber and Mannheim in early 20th-century sociology, the method bridges historical research, content analysis, and textual interpretation. Document analysis is used across disciplines to understand organizational change, policy evolution, media representation, historical events, and cultural meaning. Documents provide evidence of what organizations, institutions, or societies value, decide, and communicate, often revealing contradictions between policy and practice.
Rekod sumber
Petikan disalin secara verbatim daripada rekod sumber kaedah. Tiada pengesahan peringkat tuntutan disimpulkan daripadanya.
- Scott, J. (1990). A Matter of Record: Documentary Sources in Social Research. Polity Press. · ISBN 978-0745608419
- Prior, L. (2003). Using Documents in Social Research. SAGE Publications. · ISBN 978-0761959052
- Bowen, G. A. (2009). Document analysis as a qualitative research method. Qualitative Research Journal, 9(2), 27-40. · DOI 10.3316/QRJ0902027
- Flick, U. (2014). An Introduction to Qualitative Research (5th ed.). SAGE Publications. · ISBN 978-1446282921
Tuntutan yang dikurasi
Tuntutan disimpan dalam lejar bukti, setiap satu dengan penilaiannya sendiri.
Pandangan ini tidak mencipta penilaian tuntutan apabila lejar tiada.
Kaedah berkaitan
Dijana daripada graf kaedah dan ditunjukkan sebagai perhubungan yang dicadangkan mesin — tiada tuntutan bukti disimpulkan.