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| Skala Penilaian Kendiri Kebimbangan Zung (ZRAS)× | Skala Kebimbangan dan Kemurungan Hospital (HADS)× | |
|---|---|---|
| Bidang | Psikologi Klinikal | Psikologi Klinikal |
| Keluarga | Process / pipeline | Process / pipeline |
| Tahun asal≠ | 1971 | 1983 |
| Pengasas≠ | William W. K. Zung | Andrew S. Zigmond and Richard P. Snaith |
| Jenis≠ | Anxiety symptom screening | Anxiety and depression screening in medical populations |
| Sumber perintis≠ | Zung, W. W. (1971). A rating instrument for anxiety disorders. Psychosomatics, 12(6), 371-379. DOI ↗ | Zigmond, A. S., & Snaith, R. P. (1983). The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 67(6), 361-370. DOI ↗ |
| Alias | ZRAS, Zung Anxiety, SAS | HADS, HADS-A, HADS-D |
| Berkaitan≠ | 5 | 4 |
| Ringkasan≠ | The Zung Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (ZRAS), also known as the Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS), is a 20-item self-report measure of anxiety symptoms. Developed by William W. K. Zung in 1971, the ZRAS assesses psychological and somatic manifestations of anxiety in the past week. It is widely used for anxiety screening in primary care, general medical settings, and mental health research. | The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) is a 14-item self-report instrument measuring anxiety and depression symptoms in medically ill populations. Developed by Zigmond and Snaith in 1983, the HADS was specifically designed for hospital and general medical settings where somatic symptoms of medical illness may confound assessment. It remains the standard anxiety-depression measure in medical, oncology, and cardiac populations worldwide. |
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